Quiz 3

Question 1

What are the two types of yarn?

Answer 1

Spun and Filament

Question 2

How do you ID a spun yarn?

Answer 2

Spuns have more twist, they are “hairy,” when you twist and pull they come apart

Question 3

How to ID a filament yarn?

Answer 3

Filament yarns are smooth

Question 4

What is the use of a spun yarn?

Answer 4

warmth, softness, lightness

Question 5

What is the use of a filament yarn?

Answer 5

smoothness, luster

Question 6

what is yarn twist?

Answer 6

the number of turns and the direction that yarns are turned during the manufacturing process

Question 7

what is the use of yarn twist?

Answer 7

increases strength

Question 8

what are the twist directions?

Answer 8

S and Z

Question 9

what are plied yarns?

Answer 9

there are single or ply yarns; ply is created by twisting together 2 or more single yarns

Question 10

what is the use of plied yarn?

Answer 10

increases strength and evenness, reduces pilling of spun yarns

Question 11

T/F: spun yarns are made from staple length fibers

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

what are the types of yarn spinning?

Answer 12

ring spinning and open-ended

Question 13

what are the methods used to make staple yarns?

Answer 13

carding and combing

Question 14

What are blends used for?

Answer 14

used to combine desired properties of different fibers

Question 15

what is a mixture?

Answer 15

a fabric composed of two or more different yarn types, i.e. filament or spun

Question 16

what are the yarn numbering systems used for?

Answer 16

used to express a relationship between the unit of length and weight

Question 17

what are the yarn numbering systems?

Answer 17

direct and indirect

Question 18

the denier system

Answer 18

direct system, used for filaments. the lower the number, the finer the yarn/the higher the number the thicker the yarn
ex: a 100D yarn as twice the weight of a 50D yarn of the same length

Question 19

the tex system

Answer 19

direct system, uses grams per 1,000 meters, only really used in sewing thread, intended to replace all systems

Question 20

the yarn count system

Answer 20

indirect system, numbering system for spuns, the lower the number the thicker the yarn, inversely proportional to weight
ex: a 50 count yarn is twice the weight as a 100 count yarn

Question 21

what is used for cotton and cotton blends?

Answer 21

cc (cotton count) or Ne (number english)

2 numbers, yarn size and yarn ply
50/1 = 50 single
40/2 = 40’s two

Question 22

what is used for worsted?

Answer 22

worsted count system wc or NeK

reverse order, 1/50 or 2/40

Question 23

what is used for woolens?

Answer 23

run or NeS

Question 24

what is used for linen?

Answer 24

lea or NeL

Question 25

what are the fancy yarn types?

Answer 25

bouclé, chenille, fleck, gimp, ikat, jaspé, knop, loop, marl, metallic, multi-count, nub, splash, seed, sirospun, slub, snarl, spiral/corkscrew

Question 26

what is a woven fabric?

Answer 26

a fabric composed of two sets of yarns

Question 27

which way does the warp run?

Answer 27

lengthwise

Question 28

which way does the weft run?

Answer 28

perpendicular to the warp/widthwise (fills the warp)

Question 29

what is on grain/straight grain?

Answer 29

when the fabric is cut with the warp yarns running vertically

Question 30

what is cross grain?

Answer 30

when the fabric is cut with the weft running vertically

Question 31

what is bias cutting?

Answer 31

when the fabric is cut at a 45 degrees to the grain, has better drape

Question 32

what is a loom?

Answer 32

a machine used for weaving fabrics

Question 33

what is a shuttle loom?

Answer 33

boat-like device on weaving machies that carries the filling (weft) yarn across the fabric

Question 34

what is a shuttleless loom?

Answer 34

yarn is on cones - yarn brought across is cut at the selvedge

Question 35

what is selvedge?

Answer 35

The thin compressed edge of a woven fabric which runs parallel to the warp yarns, prevents the fabric from raveling

Question 36

identifying warp yarns:

Answer 36

always parallel to the selvedge, usually thinner, stiffer in spun fabrics

Question 37

face and back

Answer 37

face has a better appearance, durability is usually addressed to the face side in manufacturing

Question 38

what are the three basic weaves?

Answer 38

plain, twill, satin

Question 39

what is plain weave?

Answer 39

Made from a simple alternate interlacing of warp and filling yarns

Question 40

what is twill weave?

Answer 40

A wave with a diagonal effect is found on the face of the fabric. created by floating yarns Right-hand Twill - up and to the right / Left-hand Twill - up and to the left. Direction on the back is the opposite Simplest is a 2/1, or a 1/2. A 3/1 each warp passes over 3 weft then under 1. A 2/2 is a balanced twill. Angle of twill line - 45° is average, greater is a steep, less is a reclined twill

Question 41

what is a broken twill weave?

Answer 41

A weave combining both right and left hand twills in one fabric

Question 42

what is a satin weave?

Answer 42

A basic weave in which yarns float to the face. Satin is also a fabric name - that of filament yarn satin weave fabrics

Question 43

what are the specialty weaves?

Answer 43

leno, pile, double cloth

Question 44

what is a leno weave?

Answer 44

Warp yarns twist back and forth in pairs around each weft, holding them in place

Question 45

what is a pile weave?

Answer 45

Produced with an extra set of yarns (warp or weft) known as pile yarns. Cut - when the pile yarns are cut. Velvet is an example Uncut - When pile yarns are not cut - Terry cloth is an example

Question 46

what is double cloth?

Answer 46

Two fabrics held together by a separate set of yarns. Made by two sets of warp/weft yarns, woven simultaneously.

Question 47

what are the woven designs?

Answer 47

dobby, jacquard, clip-spot, color and weave effect

Question 48

what is dobby?

Answer 48

geometric forms and motifs

Question 49

what is jacquard?

Answer 49

Very detailed and intricate cloths are produced

Question 50

what is clip-spot?

Answer 50

Extra warp or filling yarns used to create motifs that the ends are cut away

Question 51

what is color and weave effect?

Answer 51

Using different color yarns to create patterns in the fabric. Stripes, plaids, houndstooth, etc

Question 52

what are yarns per inch?

Answer 52

a measurement of quality. written warp X weft. known as fabric count, fabric density, and cloth count