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Diagnostic Reasoning > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q

difference between MRI & MRA

A

MRI= cannot give info on blood vessels (will look at brain structures)

MRA= will show blood vessels (will show active occlusion, LVO= large vessel occlusion, aneurysms, narrowing, AV malformation, etc)
Can do brain or neck MRA

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2
Q

LVO

A

large vessel occlusion

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3
Q

mammography

A

x ray
only way to detect microcalcifications
BIRADS is how we read report & tissue density

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4
Q

BIRADS

A

mammography report standard across radiology everywhere

Will always get score,
pt info, imaging findings, breast tissue density, f/u recommendations, summary, clinical correlation

stage 0-6
0= incomplete
1= neg
2= benign, non cancerous
3= prob benign, short term f/u
4= suspicious consider biopsy
5= highly suggestive malignancy, always biopsy
6= already know they have breast cancer, biopsy proven

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5
Q

PAP smear

A

brushing of cervix that removes cells
adequacy of sample needed (which is why done FIRST w/ exam)
looking for:
adequacy of sample, squamous cell abnorm, glandular abnorm, HPV, ASC-US, ASC-H, LSIL, HSIL

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6
Q

colposcopy

A

next step after abnormal pap
magnifying device, non-invasive, done bedside

looks at cervix, vagina, vulva

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7
Q

bethesda

A

report of PAP smear, standard across radiology

*know these:
NILM= neg for intraepithelial lesion/malign.
ASC-US= atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance
ASC-H= atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high grade
LSIL= low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
HSIL= high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
AGC= precancerous
AIS (cancer in situ, hasn’t spread)
invasive carcinoma= cancer that metastasized

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8
Q

DEXA scan

A

x ray to look at bone density
osteoporosis, fx

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9
Q

anemia

A

microcytic or macrocytic

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10
Q

test for iron deficiency anemia

A

*iron panel=iron level, TIBC, transferrin saturation

ferritin (separate lab that’s needed)

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11
Q

anemia s/s

A

faigue sx

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12
Q

CBC w/ diff

A

differential levels will always= 100% if something is high something else will be low

left shift/bandemia= elevated neutrophils (immature WBC), means infection

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13
Q

C&S interpretation

A

culture of medium to see if bacteria will grow, ID bacteria, introduce ABX to see what it’s susceptible to

ex
MIC level (minimum inhibitor concentration= min amount ABX that took to grow abx)
interpretation: S= sensitive (abx will work)
R= resistant
I= indeterminant (not best choice)

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14
Q

fetal biophysical profile

A

antepartum after 32 weeks
ultrasound looks at fetal movements, tone, breathing, amniotic fluid volume

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15
Q

fetal stress test

A

active labor, looking for decelerations during contraction

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16
Q

metabolic screening in newborn

A

varies by state
every state= PKU testing
heel stick for bloodwork
hearing screen, pulse ox

17
Q

HCG

A

hormone produced in pregnancy
> 25 = positive
5-25= indeterminate
sensitive down to level of 5

can be secreted w/ diff types cancer & pituitary

18
Q

quantitative HCG level vs qualitative

A

track level if concerned about something in pregnancy, make sure level increasing

qualitative will show positive or neg

19
Q

EEG

A

electrodes to measure electroactivity in brain

20
Q

lumbar puncture

A

CSF sample, look at pressure
meningitis, guillan barre, MS cancer,

21
Q

carotid artery duplex

A

ultrasound
gives range not a specific about how occluded it is

asymptomatic > 70% stenosis= need surgical follow up
symptomatic > 50%= need surgical f/u

22
Q

STD testing (gon/chl)

A

pelvic swab
urethral swab for men
urine test
pharyngeal swab
rectal swab

23
Q

myelogram

A

CT scan to looks at muscle function, innervation of muscle (alternative to MRI)

24
Q

atraumatic low back pain w/o risk factors for disease

A

no diagnostic
sometimes no testing is better

25
Q

workup for dementia

A

r/o metabolic & infectious causes first: cmp, ua, cbc, ammonia, thyroid, b12 folate, syphilis/RPR

26
Q

diagnostic for epilepsy

A

EEG

27
Q

know what’s included in brain, cervical, lumbar spine MRI

A

brain= lobes, ventricles, corpus callosum

lumbar spine= vertebrae, spinal cord, nerve roots, discs, foramen

cervical spine= vertebrae, spinal cord, nerve roots, discs, foramen

28
Q

toxicology

A

illicit substances
amt of med/drug in system (apap, antiepileptics)

29
Q

most common sx herpes zoster

A

painful rash along unilateral
(usually), linear, dermatome

30
Q

MIC level on C&S

A

MIC level (minimum inhibitor concentration= min amount ABX that took to grow abx)

31
Q

anemia workup (fatigue, pallor, SOB)

A

cbc
iron studies
ferretin
b12
tsh

Diagnostic Reasoning (3 decks)

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