quiz 3

Question 1

drug action

Answer 1

molecular changes produced by a drug at the synapse

Question 2

drug effect

Answer 2

changes in physiological or psychological functions that result from the drug action

Question 3

therapeutic effect

Answer 3

desired effect

Question 4

side effects

Answer 4

all other effects of the drug

Question 5

changes in the 1800s that increased problems of drug use

Answer 5

chemistry advanced - able to isolate active ingredients from naturally occurring substances and synthesizing new drugs

Question 6

stimulant

Answer 6

increases alertness, mood, pulse, suppress appetite
dopamine and norepinephrine agonists
amphetamines, meth, cocaine, caffeine, and nicotine

Question 7

depressant

Answer 7

cause relaxation, drowsiness, depression, slowed pulse, decreased inhibition
include alcohol and sedatives
GABA agonists

Question 8

opioid

Answer 8

induces sleep, euphoria, and reduce pain
morphine, heroin, vicodin, oxycontin, and other prescription pain killers
endorphin agonists

Question 9

hallucinogen

Answer 9

induce fantasies, hallucinations, changes in body image
LSD, mushrooms, etc.
serotonin agonists

Question 10

marijuana

Answer 10

reduces intraocular pressure, reduced nausea, increases appetite, and reduces pain
mix of depressant, stimulant, and hallucinogenic effects
cannabinoid receptor agonists

Question 11

methods of drug administration

Answer 11

oral - slow
inhalation - fast
injection - intravenous (fast), intramuscular (slower), subcutaneous (slow)
topical - very slow

Question 12

first order kinetics

Answer 12

half-life - amount of time to remove 50% of the drug from the blood

Question 13

zero order kinetics

Answer 13

constant rate regardless of drug concentration
1 oz of alcohol per hour

Question 14

two agonist drug actions

Answer 14

block reuptake (cocaine)
activate receptor directly (nicotine)

Question 15

two antagonistic drug actions

Answer 15

block receptor directly
inhibit release of NT (botox)

Question 16

tolerance

Answer 16

metabolic tolerance - liver metabolizes the drug faster so less drug is available
cellular tolerance - neurons compensate for the effect of the drug by changing the number of receptors
behavioral tolerance - there is tolerance in the usual environment but not in other environments