QUIZ 3 Flashcards
Joint operations are based around Unified action which is made of
- US joint forces
- Multinational forces
- Intergovernmental organization
- Private sector and others
- NGO
- US gov Department and agencies
Joint aspects of warfare include:
• Traditional - - Nation states fight - - Populace are not belligerents - - Results = win, lose, or stalemate • Irregular warfare - - State and non-state actors - - Protracted conflicts
Traditional principals of war + (legitimacy, perseverance, restraint) =
= principles of joint operations
Traditional principals of war
- Mass
- Objective
- Unity of command
- Security
- Economy of force
- Maneuver
- Offensive
- Surprise
- Simplicity
The joint levels of war
- Strategic - ends
- Operational level - ways
- Tactical level - means
Joint levels of wars: what are Ends (Strategic)
Ends: Strategic level involves national policy and theater strategy
Joint levels of wars: what are Ways (Operational level)
Ways: Operational level involves campaigns and major operations
Joint levels of wars: what are Means (tactical level)
Means: Tactical level involves battles, engagements, small unit and crew actions
who runs the various joint levels of war?
- Strategic
- Operational level
- tactical level
Strategic level run by: president, sec def, CJCS, Combatant commanders
Operational level is run by Joint task force commanders, CORPS
Tactical level is run by Division, Brigades, Battalions, small units
What are the combatantant commands?
- Africa command
- Central command
- Cyber command
- European command
- Indo-pacific command
- Northern command
- Southern command
- Special operations command
- Strategic command
- Transportation command
Joint tasks forces are organized to:
- Accomplish missions with specific limited objectives and which do not require centralized control of logistics.
- JTF may have a geographical functional basis
what is the role of EAB med units?
EAB med units: provide roles of care greater than what is available organically in a BCT and or same level role of care to non-BCT units w/o organic med assets
EAB units: Medical Command DS: level and purpose
Medical Command (DS) – one per theater 2 star command
- Regional and strategically focused
- ID and eval health care requirements
EAB units: Medical Brigade (support) : level and purpose
Medical Brigade (support) – one per 2-6 subordinate BN or like units such as CHS or hospital center – COL command
- C2 for all assigned and attached units
- EAB AHS support to tactical commanders
- Composition is METT-C driven
EAB units: Medical Battalion (Multifunctional) : level and purpose
Medical Battalion (Multifunctional) – one per 3-6 subordinate company/detachment sized unit – LTC command
- Subordinate to MEDBDE (SPT)
- EAB AHS support to tactical commanders
BSMC vs MCAS
- BSMC: brigade support Medical Company
o 8/10 medical functions (no vet or hospitalization)
oo Role is to provide medical care to BCT - MCAS: medical company area support
o 6/10 medical functions (no vet, hospitalizations, PVNT med, medlog)
oo Role is to support/augment other elements
define MEDEVAC
MEDEVAC: multifaceted mission, accomplished by combining air and ground evac platforms under GENEVA with dedicated markings
Goals of MEDEVAC:
- Minimize mortality
- Continuum of care
- Force multiplier
- Builds morale
- En route medical care
- Economy of force
- Connectivity of the AHS
what is CSAR:
CSAR: combat search and rescure
- TTP’S performed by air force and navy to recover pax from hostile environment
- Armed aircraft and NOT protected under Geneva convention
waht is CASEVAC:
CASEVAC: evac w nonstandard platform
- No red cross – no Geneva protection
what are the MEDEVAC planning considerations?
MEDEVAC Planning considerations
- M: mission integration and support of ground forces (tactical support)
- E: estimate of casualties and roles of care
- D: dedicated assets by type, location, and capability
- E: evacuation routes (air/ground)
- V: verify all units understands the MEDEVAC plan
- A: AXP, CCP, HLZ
- C: commo plan (PACE)
who establishes the theater evacuation policy?
- Established by the SEC DEF with advice from Joint Chief of Staff
what does the theater evacuation policy establish?
- Establishes: length in days of max period of non-effectiveness that pts may be held w/in theater
intra vs inter theater evacuation?
Intra-theater evac – within the theater
Inter-theater evac – outside of the theater
who is the approval authority for air medevac?
Evac – medical authority for launch is approved by the Surgeon cell (or PECC) – determines air or ground;
Air evac requires launch authority from the TF Aviation commander – tracking mission, crew concerns, air threat, weather
core competencies of SOF?
- Special warfare: long duration operations in denied areas – train, advise and assist host nation and build indigenous warfighting capacity
- Surgical strike: unilateral, scalable, direction action
what does ARSOF offer during LSCO operations?
- Provide SOF/Indigenous intel to support maneuver
- Integrate IO efforts with CFLCC
- Support Population resource control efforts
- Conduct disruption/sabotage in deep area
- Conduct counter-SOF operations and precision strike against enemy networks
what are the principles of training?
- train as you fight
- train to standard
- train to sustain
- train to maintain
what is the commanders role in training?
- Develop and communicate clear vision
- Personally engage in training
- Demand that training standards are achieved
- Foster a pos training culture
- Limit training distractions
- Enforce top down/bottom up approach
- Meld leader and Soldier training into collective tx event
what is the leaders role in training?
- Mentor subordinate leaders
- Guide subordinate leaders
- Challenge subordinate’s knowledge and skills
- Develop cohesive and effective teams
- Ensure quality tx occurs so that training standards are achieved
- Officers: responsible for collective tx
- NCO’s responsible for Soldier Tx
roles of leaders in training
- commanders manage training
- Officers: collective training and leader training
- NCO’s: Soldier training and Leader training
what is the TLP process?
the process planning at the company level and below
what are the TLP planning factors?
- Receive the mission
- Issue the warno
- Make a tentative plan
- Initiate movement
- Conduct recon
- Complete the plan
- Supervise and refine
MDMP and TLPs common planning concepts:
- Prepare the UTP calendar
- Time management cycle
- Higher unit training event
- Unit training event
- ID TRNG OBJ for each TRN event
- Backward planning using C-W-R methodology
- Consider the training environment
- Program time for subordinate units to train
8 step training model:
- Plan the training event
- Train and certify leaders
- Recon training sites
- Issue the event OPORD
- Rehearse
- Execute the training
- Conduct an AAR
- Conduct retraining
Do it all again
MDMP steps
- Receipt of the mission
a. Gather supporting references and tx resources - Mission analysis
a. OE
b. METs to train
c. Tx readiness issue
d. Long range planning horizon - COA development
- COA analysis (war game)
- COA comparison
- COA approval
- Orders production, dissemination and transition
Mission analysis is conducted by the unit commander to:
- Understand the guidance given by higher commander
- Determine how the unit can best support guidance
- Initiate collaborative and parallel planning processes w/in the command
Mission analysis identifies:
- The collective tasks on which a unit should focus its training
Analysis of training: the commander should:
- ID and understand potential OEs
- Determine the METs to train
- Assess the METs to train
- ID the long-range planning horizon
- ID training readiness issues
- Conduct back brief to higher commander
- Issue WARNORD
Operational environment: Static definition
- Operational variables needed to stimulate mission variables that are fixed through the units execution of task
Operational environment: dynamic definition
- Operational variables and treat TTP for assigned counter task that change in response to the execution of friendly force tasks
Operational environment: complex definition
- Min 4: terrain, time, military (threat), and social (population) or more operational variables
Operational environment: single threat
- Conventional force, irregular force, criminal element, or terrorist
Operational environment: Hybrid
- Diverse and dynamic combination of conventional forces, irregular force, terrorist forces and criminal elements unified to achieve mutually benefitting effects
what does MET stand for?
MET: Mission Essential Tasks
types of METs
- Specified tasks (warnord)
- Implied tasks
- Essential tasks
TOE vs TDA
- TOE units: proponent developed
- TDA units: commander develop MET
What is a T and EO:
document system for Army’s standards of collective tasks, provide evaluators w criteria, even planning resources etc
What is the long-range planning horizon?
- A long range planning horizon covers a unit’s overarching training plan over an extended time (years)
When developing COAs each COA must be:
- Feasible
- Acceptable (worth the cost)
- Suitable
- Distinguishable (not similar to other COA)
- Complete (no clear gaps)
What is a UTP calendar?
Visually defines the time available to train
Training tool for planners when planning UTP calander?
CATS planning tool
Green amber red cycle:
- Green: deployable and high level training
- Amber: individual education and training, maintenance
- Red: leave, down time, individual task proficiency
What is a training objective?
- A statement that descries the desired outcome of a training activity in the unit
- Describes the purpose for each training event
How do you ID training objectives?
Task, conditions, standards and desired training proficiency
What is the gold standard for training?
Live training: field conditions using tactical equipment (gold standard)
What are the type of training?
- Live training
- virtual training: simulators
- constructive training: computer models STAFFEX
what are BTE and ITE?
BTE vs ITE : blended training environment vs integrated training environment
BTE: unit tx concurrently w/in 2+ training environments, lacks sophisticated integrating technologies that allow different environments
ITE: consistent and continuous LVC training environments to stimulate mission command info systems, uses correlated terrain database
The staff analyzes COAs to:
Identify: - major resources that require coordination possible resource shortcomings - De-conflict scheduling issues - Decisive points for the CDR
What is the best starting point to understand the resources needed to train the METS?
CATS
What provide additional detail regarding resource requirements to train specific collective tasks?
T and EOs
Common technique for COA comparison
Decision matrix – id strength and weaknesses and help ID highest probability of success
What is briefied in the training briefing?
- Brigade CDR training focus
- Operational environment
- BN training guidance
- Concept of operations
- Decisive, shaping operations
- Assessment plans
- Key resources required to train
- Training risk (time/resources to train)
- Training challenges
Where do you get the conditions and standards for Army training?
The T and EO document
What are the ratings on T and EO document?
T (fully trainied): complete task proficiency
T- (Trained: advanced task proficiency (80%)
P (practiced): basic task proficiency (65-80%)
P- (marginally practiced): limited task proficiency (51-80%)
U (untrained): cannot perform task (less than 50%)