QUIZ 2 - PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS

Question 1

a difficult labor

Answer 1

dystocia

Question 2

three components of labor (3P)

Answer 2

power, passenger, passageway

Question 3

2 types of dysfunctional labor

Answer 3

primary and secondary

Question 4

women with prolonged labor are at risk of…

Answer 4

maternal postpartal infection, hemorrhage and fetal death

Question 5

contractions are low or infrequent

Answer 5

hypotonic

Question 6

normal dilatation per hour

Answer 6

1cm per hour

Question 7

may occur after administration of analgesia

Answer 7

hypotonic contractions

Question 8

causes of overstretched uterus

Answer 8

multiple gestation, large fetus, hydramnios and grand multiparity

Question 9

managament for hypotonic contractions

Answer 9

oxytocin infusion, amniotomy, palpate uterus and assess lochial discharge

Question 10

increased resting tone to more than 15mmHg, myometrium does not relax after contraction

Answer 10

hypertonic contractions

Question 11

occur due to more than one pacemaker, may cause fetal anoxia

Answer 11

hypertonic

Question 12

management for hypertonic contractions

Answer 12

pain relief, rest and fetal monitoring

Question 13

strong contractions, labor fewer than 3 hours

Answer 13

precipitate labor

Question 14

precipitate labor can lead to..

Answer 14

premature separation of placenta (hemorrhage)

Question 15

precipitate labor can cause…

Answer 15

subdural hematoma to fetus and lacerations to mother

Question 16

precipitate labor is common to…

Answer 16

grand multiparas, induced labor, amniotomy

Question 17

precipitate labor management

Answer 17

tocolytic agent

Question 18

uterus undergoes more strain

Answer 18

uterine rupture

Question 19

uterine rupture is common for women with…

Answer 19

vertical CS and hysterectomy

Question 20

contributing factors to uterine rupture

Answer 20

abnormal presentation, multiple gestation, forceps and traction, prolonged labor, unwise use of oxytocin

Question 21

uterine rupture management

Answer 21

emergency fluid replacement, IV oxytocin, CS hysterectomy and tubal ligation

Question 22

uterus turning inside out

Answer 22

inversion of uterus

Question 23

inversion of uterus management

Answer 23

IV fluid line, O2 by mask, VS assessment and CPR

Question 24

amniotic fluid forced into open maternal uterine blood sinus

Answer 24

amniotic fluid embolism

Question 25

women with amniotic fluid embolism can feel...

Answer 25

sharp pain on chest and inability to breath

Question 26

embolism management

Answer 26

O2 by mask or cannula, fibrinogen therapy and ICU

Question 27

umbilical cord slips down

Answer 27

prolapsed umbilical cord

Question 28

prolpased umbilical cord can lead to..

Answer 28

compression of cord and fetal anoxia

Question 29

prolapsed umbilical cord management

Answer 29

O2 by facemask, tocolytic agent and cover exposed cord with sterile moist cloth or sterile saline compress

Question 30

risk factors of PUC

Answer 30

PROM, non cephalic presentation, placenta previa, intrauterine tumors, small fetus, CPD, hydramnios, multiple gestation

Question 31

position if PUC

Answer 31

knee chest position or hips elevated using two pillows with Trendelenburg position

Question 32

how to determine position of second fetus in multiple gestation

Answer 32

external abdominal palpation and sonography

Question 33

fetus weighing 4k to 5k grams

Answer 33

macrosomia

Question 34

macrosomia is common with women who..

Answer 34

have diabetes or developed gestational diabetes

Question 35

fetal head is born but shoulders are too broad

Answer 35

shoulder dystocia

Question 36

shoulder dystocia can cause..

Answer 36

fractured clavicle and brachial plexus injury for fetus

Question 37

indications for forceps birth

Answer 37

woman unable to push w contractions, cessation of descent, abnormally positioned fetus, fetal distress

Question 38

forceps birth guidelines

Answer 38

ruptured membranes, CPD not present,cervix fully dilated, empty bladder

Question 39

abdominal incision into the uterus

Answer 39

CS

Question 40

2 types of CS

Answer 40

low segment cs and classical cs

Question 41

indications for cs

Answer 41

severe toxemia, cpd, previous classic cs

Question 42

advantages of lscs

Answer 42

minimal blood loss, incision is easier to repair, low incidence of postpartum infection, no possibility of uterine rupture

Question 43

reasons for emergent cesarean birth

Answer 43

abruptio placentae, placenta previa, unable to progress in labor and fetal distress