Quiz 2 notes Flashcards
Epidemialogy
– deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases
Example : When epidemiologists monitor infectious diseases based on the population
- Descriptive epidemiology
describes the outbreak in terms of person , place and time.
Example : In 2014 there was an Ebola outbreak in Africa that affected Africans .
Analytical epidemiology
search for causes and effects of outbreaks
Example : zika virus caused by mosquitos and effected pregnant women and birth defects
Social epidemiology :
focuses on the effects of social-structure factors on states of health
Example: based on poverty, race gender , education that impact neighborhood
Determinants
element that determines the nature of something.
Example: determinants of health are factors that impact a patient’s health.
Ecologic approach :
framework for studying the behavioral pattern in their environments that affects health and wealth .
Example : framework for studying the behavior of animals in their environments.
Distribution:
concerned with the frequency and pattern of health events in a population. “distribution” covers time (when), place (where), and person (who).
Ex: Mark on a map the residences of all children born with birth defects within 2 miles of a hazardous waste site
Epidemic:
rapid spread of disease to a large number of hosts in a given population within a short period of time.
Syphylis Reservoir
Anus , genitals, Blood
Syphilis portal of exit
Placenta : mother to fetus
cuts or needles
Syphilis Mode of transmission
Direct contact
open lesions
Syphilis portal of entry
Oral , ANAL , SEX , MUCOUS MEMBRANES
Syphilis susceptible host
Sexually active people
Syphilis types of precaution
contact precaution , droplet precaution
Hepatitis A Reservoir :
Stool , GI , Blood
Hepatitis A Portal of exit
Body secretions ( Stool, vomit)
Hepatitis A mode of transmission
Direct contact fecal-oral route
Hepatitis A portal of entry
Eating contaminated food. Direct contact with the infected. sexual contact.
Hepatitis A susceptible host
Sexually active people. living with an infection person drug use.
Hepatitis A types of precaution
Contact precaution
Droplet precaution
Tuberculosis Reservoir
Respiratory tract
Tuberculosis portal of exit
Respiratory system : nose and mouth
Tuberculosis mode of transmission
Sneezing and coughing
Tuberculosis portal of entry
Inhaling droplets containing Turberculosis
Tuberculosis susceptible host
Elderly Children
Tuberculosis types of precaution
Airborn precaution
Droplet precaution
Hepatitis B Reservoir
Blood, saliva , semen
Hepatitis B portal of exit
Cuts or needles
Hepatitis B mode of transmission
Body droplets
Hepatitis B portal of entry
Needlestick injury , sexual contact
Hepatitis B susceptible host
Sexually active people , Drug use
Hepatitis B types of precaution
Droplet precaution
