Quiz 2- Mechanics of Breathing Flashcards
What are the 4 Primary Goals of the Respiration System?
1) Distribute air & blood flow for gas exchange
2) Provide oxygen to cells in body tissues
3) Remove carbon dioxide from body
4) Maintain constant homeostasis for metabolic needs
What are the 4 functional events of respiration?
1) Mechanics of pulmonary ventilation
2) Diffusion of O2 & CO2 between alveoli & blood
3) Transport of O2 & CO2 to and from tissues
4) Regulation of ventilation & respiration
What are the differences between Internal and External Respiration? EXTERNAL 4
External Respiration- more gross functions:
1) Mechanics of breathing
2) Movement of gases into & out of body
3) Gas transfer from lungs to tissues of body
4) Maintain body & cellular homeostasis
What are the differences between Internal and External Respiration? INTERNAL 4
Internal Respiration- more small cellular functions
1) Intracellular oxygen metabolism
2) Cellular transformation
3) Krebs Cycle- aerobic ATP generation
4) Mitochondria & O2 utilization
What is the main purpose of ventilation?
to maintain an optimal composition of alveolar gas
What are the 2 phases of ventilation?
Inspiration & Expiration
What is the blood volume in the lung?
500mL
10% of total blood volume
What factors are required to alter lung volumes?
1) Respiratory muscles
2) Tissue elastance & resistance
3) Distribution of air movement within the lung & resistance in the airway
4) Overcoming surface tension within the alveoli
Changes in alveolar pressure are generated by what?
Changes in pleural pressure
What transmits motor stimulation to the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve (C3, 4, 5) Keep the diaphragm alive!
What sends signals to the external intercostal muscles (EIM)?
Intercostal Nerves (T1-11)
The act of inhaling is what kind of pressure ventilation?
Negative-pressure ventilation
What is the most important muscle of inspiration?
Diaphragm is responsible for 75% of inspiratory effort
