Quiz 2 - Literature search and review

Question 1

True or False: Archival literature can be changed once it has been published in written form.

Answer 1

FALSE

Question 2

True or False: Web-based publications are always considered archival literature.

Answer 2

FALSE

Question 3

True or False: The goal of all scientific and engineering research is to publish in archival literature.

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

True or False: All research papers published are considered valuable and worth preserving.

Answer 4

FALSE

Question 5

True or False: Academic rigor in research is both an ethical and professional requirement.

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

The world’s total knowledge in science and engineering is stored in the form of _______ and _______.

Answer 6

Books; papers

Question 7

To contribute new knowledge, a research team must first review _______ knowledge, conduct research, and publish their findings.

Answer 7

existing

Question 8

Archival literature remains _______ and _______ forever.

Answer 8

unchanged, available

Question 9

The distinction between literature worthy of preservation and that which is not is often based on the _______ and _______ process.

Answer 9

scientific method; peer-review

Question 10

Failure to contribute new and valuable research can negatively impact a researcher’s _______.

Answer 10

career

Question 11

What is the main purpose of archival literature in science and engineering?

a) To store knowledge digitally only
b) To allow research teams to fabricate results
c) To preserve knowledge for future generations
d) To make research available to only a few institutions

Answer 11

c) To preserve knowledge for future generations

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a step a research team must take to contribute new knowledge?

a) Review existing knowledge
b) Develop new knowledge through research
c) Make their knowledge available through publication
d) Hide their research from the public

Answer 12

d) Hide their research from the public

Question 13

How does archival literature differ from some web-based publications?

a) It can be edited after publication
b) It is permanently stored and unchanged
c) It is more expensive to access
d) It contains fewer references

Answer 13

b) It is permanently stored and unchanged

Question 14

What happens if a research team publishes work that is not new or contains fabricated results?

a) They will be rewarded for innovation
b) It violates the engineering code of ethics
c) Their work will still be archived forever
d) Their paper will be accepted with minor revisions

Answer 14

b) It violates the engineering code of ethics

Question 15

Why is academic rigor in research considered an ethical requirement?

a) It helps researchers publish more papers
b) It ensures that research is new, valuable, and trustworthy
c) It speeds up the publication process
d) It allows researchers to avoid peer review

Answer 15

b) It ensures that research is new, valuable, and trustworthy

Question 16

True or False: Engineers are one of the most trusted professions in society.

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

True or False: Copying more than 20% of someone else’s work is legally acceptable in most countries.

Answer 17

FALSE

Question 18

TRUE OR FALSE: Whistleblower engineers often face negative consequences despite acting ethically.

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

TRUE OR FALSE: Engineers are allowed to copy and use the work of others as long as they verify its accuracy.

Answer 19

FALSE

Question 20

TRUE OR FALSE: Engineers must publish corrections when significant errors are discovered in their research papers.

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

__________ is the act of copying another person’s work without acknowledgment and is considered unethical and illegal in engineering.

Answer 21

Plagiarism

Question 22

Engineers must critically __________ information before incorporating it into a design to avoid propagating errors.

Answer 22

review

Question 23

When a researcher copies another’s work without proper verification and a failure occurs, it indicates __________ and admission of liability.

Question 24

Authors or institutions are required to sign a __________ declaration before publishing articles in scientific or engineering journals.

Answer 24

copyright

Question 25

Proper recognition of colleagues in research must be based on their contribution, typically more than __________ percent of the total effort.

Answer 25

10%

Question 26

What is one reason engineers are highly respected members of society? a) They work independently of all rules b) They are trusted to make decisions based on facts and models c) They copy others' work without legal consequences d) They avoid taking responsibility for failures

Answer 26

b) They are trusted to make decisions based on facts and models

Question 27

What is the legal threshold for copying work before it is considered plagiarism? a) 50% b) 10% c) 25% d) 15%

Answer 27

b) 10%

Question 28

Which of the following actions can result in legal action against an engineer? a) Citing the original source b) Verifying the accuracy of a copied design c) Copying another person’s design without checking calculations d) Seeking expert advice when unsure about a problem

Answer 28

c) Copying another person’s design without checking calculations

Question 29

What should engineers do if they find significant errors in their published work? a) Ignore the errors b) Publish a correction quickly c) Hide the mistake from the journal d) Blame another research team for the mistake

Answer 29

b) Publish a correction quickly

Question 30

Who should be included as an author in a research paper? a) Anyone who contributed 5% of the effort b) Only the head of the research group c) Anyone who can competently describe the research outputs d) Only the person who provided funding for the project

Answer 30

c) Anyone who can competently describe the research outputs

Question 31

True or False: The written word defines a researcher's technical competence

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

True or False: Researchers should only use peer-reviewed works to ensure the credibility of scientific evidence.

Answer 32

TRUE

Question 33

True or False: Written work, once published, can be changed later if necessary.

Answer 33

FALSE

Question 34

True or False: Early scientific works always provide correct concepts that are still valid today.

Answer 34

FALSE

Question 35

True or False: The most rigorous form of publication is a journal paper.

Answer 35

TRUE

Question 36

In the digital age, published papers can circulate the world within a second of publication and will remain ________ and accessible forever.

Answer 36

available

Question 37

________ theory was replaced by quantum theory to explain the nature of light.

Answer 37

corpuscular

Question 38

Errors in published papers are corrected using a ________ in the same journal that published the original work.

Answer 38

correction note

Question 39

A significant method to evaluate the credibility of scientific research is ________ review.

Answer 39

peer

Question 40

The ________ format is commonly used for fixed electronic versions of publications.

Answer 40

pdf

Question 41

Which of the following is a consequence of unethical practice, like plagiarism? a) Increase in academic reputation b) Promotion to a higher rank c) Dismissal from academic positions d) Award for creativity

Answer 41

c) Dismissal from academic positions

Question 42

What distinguishes credible scientific evidence from opinion or speculation? a) The number of times it is shared online b) Its publication in a peer-reviewed journal c) How interesting it sounds d) The length of the paper

Answer 42

b) Its publication in a peer-reviewed journal

Question 43

According to the quiz, what should researchers do before publishing their work? a) Skip referencing previous works b) Review where the information was published c) Only rely on opinions and speculation d) Disregard the publication mechanism

Answer 43

b) Review where the information was published

Question 44

What is the most rigorous publication type according to the text? a) Newspaper articles b) Blog posts c) Journal papers d) Conference abstracts

Answer 44

c) Journal papers

Question 45

What is the purpose of publishing a correction note in a journal? a) To improve the formatting of the paper b) To retract the entire paper c) To fix errors found after publication d) To provide more detailed data

Answer 45

c) To fix errors found after publication

Question 46

TRUE OR FALSE: Journal articles are subjected to anonymous peer review by two or more experts.

Answer 46

TRUE

Question 47

TRUE OR FALSE: The peer review process for journal articles is always completed within six weeks.

Answer 47

FALSE

Question 47

TRUE OR FALSE: Once a paper is submitted to a journal, it cannot be submitted for publication elsewhere.

Answer 47

TRUE

Question 48

TRUE OR FALSE: Reviewers for journal articles are selected by the authors of the paper.

Answer 48

FALSE

Question 49

TRUE OR FALSE: Shorter works like comments, corrections, and technical notes can also be published in journals.

Answer 49

TRUE

Question 50

The _______ number is used to identify the journal and is found in the front pages of each issue.

Answer 50

ISSN

Question 51

Review articles often contain a large reference list but might not include _______ created by the authors.

Answer 51

new knowledge

Question 52

The first date mentioned in a journal article usually indicates the date the paper was _______ to the journal.

Answer 52

submitted

Question 53

The review process for journal articles is done _______ to maintain objectivity.

Answer 53

annonymously

Question 54

The inclusion of _______ in the paper allows for targeted, high-speed computer searching.

Answer 54

keywords

Question 55

What is the main cause of delays between the submission and publication of journal articles? a) Lack of interest from the journal b) Reviewers perform reviews on a voluntary basis c) Authors taking too long to revise papers d) Journal editors not responding to submissions

Answer 55

b) Reviewers perform reviews on a voluntary basis

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT a typical outcome of the peer review process? a) Accept without change b) Resubmit with minor corrections c) Reject due to personal biases of the reviewers d) Resubmit with major changes

Answer 56

c) Reject due to personal biases of the reviewers

Question 57

What type of articles typically report the latest scientific developments in journals? a) Book reviews b) Full papers c) Editorials d) Short stories

Answer 57

b) Full papers

Question 58

What is the primary purpose of an abstract in a journal article? a) To provide a full explanation of the research b) To allow readers to access the full paper for free c) To outline the work and major conclusions d) To serve as a list of references

Answer 58

c) To outline the work and major conclusions

Question 59

What type of article is commonly found in journals and helps consolidate knowledge in a field? a) Peer review article b) Correction note c) Review article d) Technical letter

Answer 59

c) Review article