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Bot Med II > Quiz 2: GI lecture > Flashcards

Quiz 2: GI lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Actions of Bitters

A 
Stimulate saliva and digestive process
Increases Grehlin and CCK
Stimulates motility
Anti-inflammatory to GI mucosa
Stimulates proliferation of mucosal cells
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2
Q

Actions: astringent, nutritive, alterative, lymphagogue

Specificity of seat: GI mucosa, respiratory tract (minor)

A

Rumex crispus

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3
Q

Part used: inner bark

Actions: soothing to mucous membranes, anti-inflammatory

A

Ulmus fulva

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4
Q

used in the treatment of gallstones because it is a solvent of cholesterol. It is also used in treatment of GERD because it promotes peristalsis and protects GI mucosa.

A

D-limonene

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5
Q

_____________ are the primary medicinal contstituents in the purgative/cathartic herbs.

A

Anthroquinone glycosides

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6
Q

Bitter tasting flavonoid glycosides
non- bitter flavonoids
1-2% essential oil
many phenols

A

Citrus sinensis/aurantium

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7
Q

Actions: soothing to mucous membranes, stimulates cell regeneration, anti-inflammatory
Part used: root

A

Althea officinalis

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8
Q

Actions: astringent, styptic,
used for lack of tone in the
GI tract
Specificity of seat: GI tract, genitourinary tract

A

Geranium maculatum

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9
Q 
Indications:
Dyspepsia
“Intestinal atony” (weak digestion)
Hypochlorhydria
Malabsorption
Disordered digestion
A

Citrus sinensis/aurantium

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10
Q

much employed as a carminative, and as a corrigent of other less pleasant medicine

A

Foeniculum vulgare

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11
Q

Constituents: sesquiterpenes alpha-Bisabolol and Chamazulene, Matricin, Apigenin

A

Matricaria recutita

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12
Q

Indications for Linum usitatissimum

A

Chronic constipation
Colons damaged by abuse of laxatives, irritable colon, diverticulitis
Mucilage for gastritis and enteritis

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13
Q

Actions: Carminative, stomachic, antiemetic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, nervine, anti-ulcerogenic, bitter
Specificity of Seat: GI tract and nervous system

A

Matricaria recutita

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14
Q

Contraindications of citrus sinensis/aurantium

A 
Hyperchlorhydria
Acute Gastritis
Acute diarrhea
Acute IBD flare
Acute peptic ulcer
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Concomitant acid blocker drug therapy
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15
Q

Bitter tonic to stimulate digestion. Central to many classic digestive bitter formulas, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cholagogue.
Major constituents = Secoiridoid glycosides

A

Gentiana lutea

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16
Q

Actions: Antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, carminative, galactagogue, bitter
Energetics: warming, aromatic, bitter, sweet
Specificity of Seat: Hollow tubes

A

Foeniculum vulgare

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17
Q

exert its peculiar effects only in small doses

A

Matricaria recutita

18
Q

Constituents: tannins, small amount of anthraquinone glycosides, oxalic acid (mostly in the leaves), rich in iron.

A

Rumex crispus

19
Q

Contains glycoprotein Acemannan

A

Aloe barbadensis

20
Q

Medicinal uses - carminative, stomachic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, diaphoretic, diuretic, antimicrobial, expectorant, antitussive, decreases platelet aggregation, increases digestive enzyme activity, antiemetic
Specificity of seat: circulatory, digestive, respiratory

A

Zingiber officinale

21
Q

Contraindications of Psyllium

A

Stenosis of the gastrointestinal tract.
Obstruction or threatening obstruction of the bowel.
Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus.

22
Q

Name the irritant laxatives

A 
Rhamnus purshiana – Cascara 
Rhamnus frangula – Buckthorn
Aloe barbadensis  - Aloe latex
Cassia angustifolia – Senna
Rheum palmatum – Rhubarb
23
Q

Specific actions of Psyllium

A

Increase or decrease motility (diarrhea vs. constipation)
Increase volume of stool
lowers serum cholesterol level
reduces postprandial blood glucose elevations.

24
Q

Part used: Inner leaf gel

Actions: soothing to mucous membranes, vulnerary, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating

A

Aloe barbadensis

25
Q

Indications for Plantago

A

Chronic constipation
Disorders whereby easy bowel movements with a loose stool are desirable
Anal fissures
Hemorrhoids
Following anal/rectal surgery
During pregnancy
as a secondary medication for varying kinds of diarrhea
IBS
Restoration and maintenance of regularity
Constipation due to duodenal ulcer or diverticulitis
Hyperlipidemia

26
Q

Medicinal parts: Inner bark of this pacific coast shrub.
Collection: The bark is stripped in spring to fall.
Preparations: the bark may be decocted or tinctured, but should be aged at least two years before using to avoid an overly harsh effect.

A

Rhamnus purshiana

27
Q

Name 3 Bulk Laxatives

A

Plantago spp. - psyllium seed
Salvia hispanica – chia seed
Linum usitatissimum – flax seed

28
Q

Contraindication for Linum usitatissimum

A

Ileus of any origin

29
Q

Actions
Irritant Laxative, can be too harsh and cathartic, causing griping and a watery diarrhea.
Stimulates peristalsis - acts through stimulating autonomic nervous system by stimulating auerbach’s plexus

A

Rhamnus purshiana

30
Q

Contains Fixed oil (30–45%)

A

Linum usitatissimum

31
Q

Part used: seed

Actions: antispasmodic diuretic

A

Ammi visnaga

32
Q 
Echinacea angustifolia – 1 part
Phytolacca decandra – 1 part
Althea officinalis – 1 part
Hydrastis canadensis – 1 part
Geranium maculatum – 1 part
A

Robert’s Formula

33
Q 
Iberis amara - bitter candytuft
Angelica archangelica root
 Carum carvi -caraway seed
Silybum marianum -  milk thistle seed
Melissa officinalis -  lemon balm leaf
Chelidonium majus -  greater celandine
Glycyrrhiza glabra - licorice root
Mentha pipertia - peppermint leaf 
Matricaria recutita - chamomile flower
A

STW5 - Iberogast

34
Q

Contains Emodin;

OTC sale was banned by the FDA in 2002

A

Rhamnus purshiana

35
Q

Aloe Rhubarb root Theriac Venetian Zedoary root Manna Angelica Root Carline thistle Myrrh Senna Saffron
Camphor

A

Swedish Bitters

36
Q

Ulmus, Althea, Okra, Baptisia, Geranium, Hydrastits, Zingiber, Niacinamide, Pork Duodenum powder.

A

Bastyr Formula B

37
Q

bitter stomachic, smooth muscle tonic, antiulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory

A

Iberis amara

38
Q

Actions: antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, diaphoretic anodyne, anti-emetic and expectorant
Specificity of Seat: smooth muscle
Especially effective in bilious colic

A

Dioscorea villosa

39
Q

Artemisia absinthium (Wormwood) 4 parts
Aloe ferox / A. socotrina (Cape Aloe/ Bitter aloe latex) Not the Gel! 2 parts
(O.G. Carroll)

A

The Famous 42s

40
Q 
Rheum palmatum – rhubarb rhizome
Mentha piperita – Peppermint leaf and EO
Potassium carbonate 1.6%
Sugar
Brandy
A

Neutralizing Cordial

Bot Med II (2 decks)

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