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Pharmacology > Quiz # 2: Drug Therapy in Older Adults > Flashcards

Quiz # 2: Drug Therapy in Older Adults Flashcards

1
Q

What are the nursing actions if the barriers to effective drug use by older are CHILDPROOF DRUG BOTTLES?

  1. Advise family members or friends to have drugs and water or other fluid accessible and to assist older adults as needed
  2. Contact the social services department of your institution and compassionate care programs as appropriate
  3. Suggest that the patient request non-childproof bottle caps

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 3 is correct

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2
Q

What are the nursing actions if the barriers to effective drug use by older are VISUAL AND HEARING DISTURBANCES?

  1. Suggest eye and ear examination
  2. Encourage family members or friends to monitor the patient’s drug regimen
  3. Educate the patient and family about the side effects to report to the health care provider

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1 is correct

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3
Q

The elderly tend to have decreased serum albumin levels, which may cause?

  1. Enhanced absorption
  2. Toxic drug effects
  3. Enhanced drug administration

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 2 is correct

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4
Q

What are the nursing actions if the barriers to effective drug use by older adults are IMPAIRED MEMORY?

  1. Suggest eye and ear examination
  2. Encourage family members or friends to monitor the patient’s drug regimen
  3. Educate the patient and family about the side effects to report to the health care provider

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 2 is correct

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5
Q

A decline in the physiologic processes that maintain equilibrium in the older adult may mean a higher incidence of adverse effects. Examples of this include:

  1. Postural hypotension in response to drugs that increase blood pressure
  2. Volume depletion and electrolyte imbalance in response to antidiuretics
  3. Excessive bleeding with coagulant and platelet drugs

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect

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6
Q

What are the nursing actions if the barriers to effective drug use by older are DECREASED MOBILITY AND DEXTERITY?

  1. Advise family members or friends to have drugs and water or other fluid accessible and to assist older adults as needed
  2. Contact the social services department of your institution and compassionate care programs as appropriate
  3. Suggest that the patient request non-childproof bottle caps

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1 is correct

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7
Q

An older patient has adjusted and started on hydrochlorothiazide and is advised by a healthcare provider to eat foods in potassium. What is the nurse’s best recommendation of foods to consume?

  1. Cabbage and corn
  2. Bread and cheese
  3. Avocados and mushrooms

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 3 is correct

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8
Q

Adherence to the drug regimen is a problem for all patient age groups, and failure to adhere to the drug regimen can lead to.

  1. Adverse Drug Events
  2. Readmission to healthcare institutions
  3. Death

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1, 2. and 3 are correct

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9
Q

What factors contribute to polypharmacy in older adults? (Select all that apply)

  1. Multiple healthcare providers
  2. Multiple chronic diseases
  3. Use of a single pharmacy

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1 and 2 are correct

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10
Q

What are the nursing actions if the barriers to effective drug use by older are HIGH COST OF PRESCRIPTIONS?

  1. Advise family members or friends to have drugs and water or other fluid accessible and to assist older adults as needed
  2. Contact the social services department of your institution and compassionate care programs as appropriate
  3. Suggest that the patient request non-childproof bottle caps

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 2 is correct

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11
Q

What changes with aging alter drug distribution? (Select all that apply)

  1. A decrease in muscle mass and an increase in fat
  2. A decrease in serum albumin levels
  3. A decrease in kidney mass

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1, 2. and 3 are correct

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12
Q

The older adult patient has questions about oral drug metabolism. Information on what subject is most important to include in this patient’s teaching plan?

  1. First-pass-effect
  2. Enzyme function
  3. Glomerular filtration rate

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1 is correct

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13
Q

What is the best measure for the nurse to use to determine a patient’s kidney function?

  1. Estimated glomerular filtration rate
  2. Creatinine clearance
  3. Serum creatinine level

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1 is correct

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14
Q

The nurse is developing teaching materials for an 82-year-old African American man with macular degeneration, who is being discharged on two new drugs. Which strategies would be best to use to impart the information? (Select all that apply)

  1. Limit distraction in the room when teaching
  2. Augment teaching with audio materials
  3. Use large, dark print on a light background for written materials

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1, 2. and 3 are correct

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15
Q

What are the nursing actions if the barriers to effective drug use by older are SIDE EFFECTS OR ADVERSE REACTIONS FROM THE DRUG?

  1. Suggest eye and ear examination
  2. Encourage family members or friends to monitor the patient’s drug regimen
  3. Educate the patient and family about the side effects to report to the health care provider

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 3 is correct

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16
Q

Older adults have multiple risk factors for ADEs, including frailty, multiple comorbidities, polypharmacy, and cognitive issues. What are the types of ADEs? (Select all that apply)

  1. Adverse drug reaction
  2. Medication errors
  3. Overdoses

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1, 2. and 3 are correct

17
Q

A patient has nine drugs prescribed to take daily. Which are common reasons for non-adherence to the drug regimen in an older adult? (Select all that apply)

  1. Taking multiple drugs at one time
  2. Impaired memory
  3. Decreased mobility

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1, 2. and 3 are correct

18
Q

As a nurse it is our independent nursing action to do health teaching with older adults, the following are the specific factors that enhance educational readiness and promote adherence in the older adult.

  1. Ensure that the patient is wearing eyeglasses and has non-working hearing aids in place if needed
  2. Speak in a tone of voice that the patient can’t hear; sit facing the patient, and limit distractions
  3. Treat the patient with respect; never infantilize; expect that the patient can’t learn

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1, 2. and 3 are correct

19
Q

What are the physiologic changes that influence the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs as well as pharmacodynamics responses at receptor and target organs? (Select all that apply)

  1. An increase in total body water and lean body mass, results in decreased body fat, which alters the volume of distribution of drugs.
  2. An increase in kidney mass and faster kidney blood flow, leading to an increased GFR and increased clearance of drugs excreted by the kidneys
  3. An increase in liver size and blood flow, resulting in increased hepatic clearance of drugs

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect

20
Q

The nurse is reviewing a patient’s list of drugs. The nurse understands that the older adult’s slower absorption of oral drugs is primarily because of which phenomenon?

  1. Decreased cardiac output
  2. Increased gastric emptying time
  3. Decreased gastric blood flow

a. If 1 and 3 are correct
b. If 1 is correct
c. If 2 and 3 are correct
d. If 1, 2. and 3 are correct
e. If 1, 2. and 3 are incorrect
f. If 1 and 2 are correct
g. If 2 is correct
h. If 3 is correct

A

If 3 is correct

Pharmacology (2 decks)

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