Quiz 2 Deck 1 Flashcards
the extent to which the intervention produces a desired outcome under USUAL CLINICAL conditions
effectiveness
the extent to which the intervention produces a desired outcome under IDEAL conditions
efficacy
this term refers to research performed on patients to assess an intervention
clinical trial
experimental design abbreviation
RCT: Randomized Control Trial
experimental design is best for ____
controlling bias
weakness of experimental design
excessive bias control may overshadow clinical relevance
this design is MORE vulnerable to bias, but MORE clinically relevant
Quasi-experimental design
this design is MOST vulnerable to bias, but MOST clinically relevant
Non-experimental (Observation)
why do we care if random assignment of participants?
- limits bias.
- greater control for random events.
most common methods of random assignemnt in PT
- block randomization
- stratified randomization
simple randomization
like flipping a coin. Can lead to unequal numbers of participants in the groups.
block randomization
involves assigning participants to groups (e.g. n = 8) and then equally randomizing participants within a group into even smaller groups
Stratified randomization
selecting specific strata (age, race, or clinic) and randomizing within these strata. For example, within a clinic, randomize by age and race.
concealed allocation
each participant’s group assignment is concealed from the people enrolling individuals in the study
why do we look at whether the baseline characteristics (i.e. sociodemographic, clinical, and prognostic) of the groups are similar?
Addresses potential differences among the groups that may influence the study’s results.
this addresses the potential loss of statistical power & potential differences created between (among) the groups that are unrelated to the experimental intervention
subject attrition
this addresses potential bias due to participant non-compliance with the protocol
intention to treat analysis
when do we use intention to treat?
when subject “non-compliance” occurs
what happens to data collection after intention to treat analysis?
subject data analyzed according to the original random assignment, the way they were intended to be treated.
what is PEDro?
Physiotherapy Evidence Database: scores systematic reviews & RCTs on a 1-10 scoring scale
what PEDro score indicates “acceptable” validity?
6/10 or greater
how many questions are on PEDro? How many points for each “yes”?
11 questions, 1 pt for each yes (for 10 out of the 11)
which question on PEDro is NOT worth 1 pt?
Eligibility criteria were specified (yes = 0pts)
PEDro scale items
- random allocation
- concealed allocation
- baseline comparability
- blind assessors
- blind subjects
- blind therapists
- adequate followup
- intention to treat
- btwn group comparisons
- point estimates & variability
