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Rehab Across the Lifespan > Quiz 2 (congenital disorders, pediatric sport injuries/ limp deficiency) > Flashcards

Quiz 2 (congenital disorders, pediatric sport injuries/ limp deficiency) Flashcards

1
Q

Multiple congenital joint contractures in the first trimester fetal development

A

ARTHROGRYPOSIS MULTIPLEX CONGENITA

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2
Q

ARTHROGRYPOSIS MULTIPLEX CONGENITA Sign and symptoms in the mother.

A

Maternal fevers, infection, vascular compromise, limited room in the uterus, low amts of amniotic fluid

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3
Q

what are the most affected parts of ARTHROGRYPOSIS MULTIPLEX CONGENITA

A

hands, wrists, elbows, ankles, knees and hips.

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4
Q

Signs and symptoms of ARTHROGRYPOSIS MULTIPLEX CONGENITA in babies

A

Joint contractures, dislocations, decreased muscle strength, dislocations, diminished reflexes and Diminished skin creases

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5
Q

what are interventions for ARTHROGRYPOSIS MULTIPLEX CONGENITA

A

Stretching and strengthening to gain and sustain ROM and inc. strength.
Elbow ROM imperative for Independence in ADLs; core, hip, knee strength vital for postural control

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6
Q

Abnormality of chromosome 21: can be trisomy, translocation, or mosaicism.

A

DOWN SYNDROME

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7
Q

Clinical Signs and symptoms for DOWN SYNDROME

A

Hypotonia, short stature, upward slant of eyes, small ears, single transverse palmar crease, cognitive limitation.
May include cardiac defects, duodenal atresia, atlantoaxial instability, thyroid defects, hearing loss, epicanthal folds

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8
Q

What are family edu, for down syndrome parents

A

guidelines to incorporate handling, positioning, and developmental skills.

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9
Q

What does physical therapy focus on for downs syndrome

A

Focus on function and independence: improving coordination skills, and developmental skills; stability of joints and cocontraction

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10
Q

what are indications for a SMO (Sure step supramalleolar orthotic)

A 
Pronation
Hypotonia
Triplanar instability in weight bearing
Inability to stand independently
Mild toe-walking
Developmental delay
Delay in acquiring gross motor skills
Poor coordination or balance
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11
Q

Contraindications that and SMO might not be the right fit

A 
High muscle tone
Spasticity
Severe toe-walking
Tight heel cords
Tight peroneals
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12
Q

Incomplete closure of spinal column

A

SPINA BIFIDA

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13
Q

Generally affects the neuromuscular and genitourinary systems.

A

SPINA BIFIDA

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14
Q

most benign no neuromuscular or genitourinary involvement

A

Spina bifida occulta

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15
Q

Spinal cord begins to protrude

A

Meningocele-meninges

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16
Q

flaccid LEs, loss of sensation below the defect, often seen in L-S area

A

Meningocele-meninges

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17
Q

Warning signs of a shunt malfunction

A

irritability, personality changes, increased sleepiness, downward gaze, headaches.

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18
Q

The cerebellum, pons, and medulla may protrude into the foramen magnum

A

Hydrocephalus as result of Arnold-Chiari defect.

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19
Q

Clinical Signs and symptoms of Arnold-Chiari defect

A

Bowel and bladder dysfunction (catheterization)

Latex allergies

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20
Q

Clinical Signs and symptoms of Tethered cord syndrome

A

spinal cord fixed caudally: dec. strength, inc. spasticity in LEs, changing uro sx, back pain, scoliosis

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21
Q

What are comorbidities c meningomyelocele

A

skin breakdown, vasomotor changes, soft tissue contractures, cognitive and social delays

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22
Q

What does physical therapy focus on for spina bifida

A

Active stretching and strengthening, inc. endurance for mobility, developing independent tx skills.

Seating and positioning
Supported standing
Provision of orthotics,

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23
Q

What is the goal for children c spina bifida

A

independence in functional skills

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24
Q

Recognized as a neurobiological disorder….May also have ADD, ADHD, anxiety, deafness, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, Tourette Syndrome

A

AUTISM

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25
Q

Clinical signs and symptoms of Autism

A

Poor eye contact
Flat affect; unable to interpret facial or gestural cues from others
Prefer aloneness
Reciprocal behaviors such as sharing are difficult
Delay in language skills development
Unable or unmotivated to engage in conversation.

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26
Q

CLINICAL SIGNS-Onset prior to age 3 of autism

A

May perseverate on a word or phrase
Intense interest in narrow area of interest
Adhere to rituals
Stereotypical motor behaviors: rocking and flapping of the hands
Very sensitive to sound, touch, bright lights, odors
High tolerance for pain

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27
Q

Genetic condition with abnormality on X chromosome
Hand wringing
Head growth slows
Often severe difficulty with walking and trunk movements

A

Rett syndrome

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28
Q

Above average or average IQ
Deficiencies in social skills
Difficulties with transitions or changes
Obsessive routines

A

ASPERGER SYNDROME

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29
Q

When does AUTISM become evident

A

Begin appearing 12-18 months; almost always evident between 24 months and 6 yea

30
Q

occurs when a bone bends and cracks, instead of breaking completely into separate pieces

A

Greenstick fracture

31
Q

when are incidences for sport injuries greater for children

A

Intense, repetitive training during periods of growth

32
Q

When can a child begin strength training

A

When child can follow instructions on proper technique.

33
Q

How is strength gained c children

A

Strength gain is due to improved coordination and neuromuscular recruitment

34
Q

What is recommended when doing strength training c children

A

Recommended is low weight high rep for adolescents

35
Q

Differences between adults and children bones

A

Child: bone is more porous and susceptible to compression fractures

36
Q

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification

A

identifies where in the growth plate the fx occurs

37
Q

Where are growth plate fx more commonly found

A

found near joints; where injuries commonly occur(weakest area around joints)

38
Q

what can growth plate injuries lead to

A

can lead to alternation in normal bone growth

39
Q

Osteochondritis dessicans

A

is an injury to the articular cartilage

40
Q

Common sites of growth plate fx

A

Elbow, knee and ankle

41
Q

what are the most common fx of the foot

A

Stress fx

42
Q

What are the physical difference of children from adults

A

Smaller heart size
Decreased stroke volume
Decreased volume of blood
Strength gains are more indicative of neuromuscular gains in coordination and recruitment of muscles than in pure strength as in adult

43
Q

Most common of all spine injuries

A

lumbar spine injuries

44
Q

Fracture with no vertebral movement is a

A

spondylolysis

45
Q

if the vertebra translates anteriorly.

A

Spondylolisthesis

46
Q

Common sites of lumbar injuries

A

L4-5 and L5-S1.

47
Q

One of the most common shoulder injuries

A

proximal humeral growth plate fracture.

48
Q

what is the usual cause proximal humeral growth plate fracture.

A

underdeveloped musculature of the shoulder

49
Q

Clavicular fx usually cause

A

a fall to the lateral aspect of the shoulder.

50
Q

Little league elbow pain around

A

Medial epicondyle

51
Q

Avulsion fx occur

A

site of muscle attachment sites

52
Q

treatment at the site of an avulsion

A

stretching

53
Q

results of a quick and abrupt muscle contraction

A

avulsion fx

54
Q

A slipped capital femoral epiphysis can result from

A

trauma or overuse

55
Q

most common site for overuse injury in children

A

Knee

56
Q

is an avulsion of the bone where the patellar tendon attaches to the bone of the tibia.

A

Osgood Schlatter disease

57
Q

Treatment for Osgood Schlatter’s disease

A

Ice for pain and inflammation
Aggressive stretching program
Exercise with emphasis on eccentric ex

58
Q

Patellar pain syndrome treatment

A

Strengthening of VMO: Stretching of the TFL and the iliotibial band.

59
Q

Malalignment between the patella and distal femur.

A

Patellar pain syndrome

60
Q

VMO may be weak allowing excess motion of the patella on the femur.

A

Patellar pain syndrome

61
Q

Excess genu valgus

A

Patellar pain syndrome

62
Q

Inflammation between posterior tibialis and soleus and the periosteum of the tibia.
Excessive pronation is a common cause

A

Shin splints-Medial tibial stress syndrome

63
Q

Sx is medial tibial pain

A

Shin splints-Medial tibial stress syndrome

64
Q

Shin splints treatment

A

Corrections of gait deficiencies during walking and running.
Landing more toward midfoot than the heel
Aquatic ex, stretching and strengthening

65
Q

Interventions for amputees

A

Shape and desensitize residual limb
Plan a program of exercise for strengthening
Improve endurance
Improve tolerance for wear of prosthetic

66
Q

occur in utero; common cause is amniotic band syndrome

A

Congenital

67
Q

entire bone missing

A

Amelia

68
Q

all or part of one bone is missing

A

Hemiamelia

69
Q

?-trauma, tumors, infections, or burns

2x more common than the congenital

A

Acquired-trauma,

70
Q

proximal bone is missing

A

phocomelia-

Rehab Across the Lifespan (4 decks)

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