Quiz 2- Cell Cycle, Cancer, and Cell Death

Question 1

Alkylating agents

Answer 1

Denature macromolecules such as DNA

Question 2

Intercalating agents

Answer 2

Interact with DNA, intercalated between two bases inducing structural change

Question 3

Antimetabolites

Answer 3

Structural analogues of bases, block synthesis of corresponding bases (ex folate analogues)

Question 4

Mitostatic agents

Answer 4

Inhibit tubulin synthesis (aka cell spindles)

Question 5

Platinum derivatives

Answer 5

DNA binding

Question 6

Necrosis

Answer 6

Cell membrane swells and ruptures. Inflammation. Possibly controlled by RIP1 and PARP-1 via mitochondrial uncoupling, ATP depletion, and ROS

Question 7

Apoptosis

Answer 7

Membrane blebbing into apoptotic bodies. No inflammation. Bax and Bak form pores in membrane. Caspase involvement (proteases)

Question 8

Autophagy

Answer 8

Recycling mechanism. No inflammation. Cell membrane blebbing. Autophagy-related genes (Atg), beclin 1, and LC3 involved.

Question 9

Mitotic catastrophe

Answer 9

Cell death caused by aberrant mitosis. Giant cell forms, multinucleation. No inflammation.

Question 10

Senescence

Answer 10

Permanent cell cycle arrest, reproductive death. Cell looks like fried egg. Inflammation due to secretory factors from senescent cell.