Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 12 > Quiz 2 - Biochem > Flashcards

Quiz 2 - Biochem Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the 4 major classes of macromolecules

A
  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Proteins
  • Nucleic Acids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are Macromolecules?

A

Larger molecules that are formed by smaller ones that joined together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are Polymers?

A

Long molecules are built by linking repeated building blocks in a chain. Joined by cov bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are monomers?

A

building blocks, repeated small units
-joined by cov bonds to make polymers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do you build a polymer?

A

-DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS REACTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens in a DSR? (dehydr..)

A

-Joins monomers by “taking” out H2O
-One donates OH, other H.
-requires energy & enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do you break down a polymer?

A

-Digestions Hydrolysis Reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are carbohydrates composed of, function, and monomer involved

A
  • C, H, O
  • Fast energy
  • Energy storage
  • Raw materials
  • Structural Materials
  • SUGARS (starch, cellulose)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain DHR (dig hydrolysis reac)

A

-Use H2O to break polymer (reverse DSR)
-Requires enzymes
-RELEASES energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How are sugars classified? Explain the classifications

A

Classified by # of carbons.
6C = hexose (glucose)
5C = pentose (ribose)
3C = triose (glyceraldehyde)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 2 functions of polusaccharides?

A

-ENERGY STORAGE
-starch (plants)
-glycogen (animals) in liver n muscles

-STRUCTURE
- cellulose (plant)
-chitin (arthropods n fungi)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens to the energy store in C-C bonds?

A

Harvested in cellular respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Explain why starch is easy to digest but cellulose is not? (humans)

A

Starch: all glycosidic linkages are on same side = molecule lies flat

Cellulose: cross linking between OH (H-bonds) = rigid structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the covalent bond called that disaccharides create?

A

A glycosidic Linkage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What sugar structure form rings?

A

5C & 6C (ribose, glucose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give four points explaining cellulose

A

-Most abundant organic compound on earth
-herbis have evolved a mechanism to digest cellulose, most carnis have not
CELLULOSE = undigestible roughage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are monosaccharides, and give an example

A
  • Simple 1 monomer sugars
    -Glucose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 3 types of sugars?

A

-Monosaccharides
-Disaccharides
-Polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are polysaccharides, and give an example

A

-Large polymers
-Starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are disaccharides, and give an example

A
  • 2 monomers
    -Sucrose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the diff between linear and branched polysaccharides? give examples

A

LINEAR: slow release
- Starch (plant)

BRANCHED: fast release
-Glycogen (animal)

Branched has faster digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What the diff between alpha and beta glucose?

A

ALPHA: H on top, OH on bottom

BETA: OH on top, H on bottom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why do branched polysaccharides digest easier?

A

Many branches means many ends that enzymes can digest at.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can herbivores digest cellulose so well?

A

BACTERIA live in their digestive systmes & help digest cellulose-rich (grass) meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the properties of lipids? (5)

A

-Hydrophobic
-Consist mostly of hydrocarbons
-Not true macromolecules (too small)
-Not true polymers (not composed of repeating monomers)
- Varied in form and function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the four biologically important lipids

A

1) Fats
2) Phospholipids
3) Steroids
4) Waxes

18
Q

How are fats assembled and composed of

A

-Dehydration Synth reac
-Composed of glycerol and fatty acids

18
Q

What is the structure of glycerol

A

-Alcohol w/ 3 carbons, each with a hydroxyl group attached

18
Q

Give a description of fatty acids (3 points)

A
  • Long carbon skeleton - 16 to 18 C in length
  • Ends in carboxyl group
  • Non-polar C-H bonds make it hydrophobic
19
Q
A
20
Q
A
20
Q
A
21
Q
A
21
Q
A
22
Q
A
22
Q
A
23
Q
A
23
Q
A
24
Q
A
24
Q
A
25
Q
A
26
Q
A
26
Q
A
26
Q
A
27
Q
A
27
Q
A
27
Q
A
27
Q
A
28
Q
A
28
Q
A
29
Q
A
30
Q
A
30
Q
A
30
Q
A
31
Q
A
32
Q
A
32
Q
A
33
Q
A
33
Q
A
34
Q
A
35
Q
A
36
Q
A
36
Q
A
36
Q
A

Bio 12 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions