Quiz 2 Abpsych Flashcards
Degree to which a measurement is consistent
Reliability
Whether something measures what it is designed to measure
Validity
Comparing the results of an assessment measure under consideration with the results of others that are better known
Concurrent or descriptive validity
It is how well your assessment tells you what will happen in the future
Predictive validity
The process by which a certain set of standards or norms is determined for a technique to make it’s use consistent across different measurements
Standardization
The core of most clinical work, gathers info on current and past behavior, attitudes and emotions
The clinical interview
An exam that involves the systematic observation of an individual’s behavior.
The mental status exam
5 categories of the mental status exam
Appearance and behavior
Thought processes
Mood and affect
Intellectual functioning
Sensorium
Slow and effortful motor behavior that may indicate severe depression
Psychomotor retardation
A disorganized speech pattern in some patients with schizophrenia.
Loose association or derailment
Distorted views of reality
Delusion
A type of delusion wherein an individual thinks people are after him
Delusion of persecution
An individual thinks they are all-powerful
Delusion of grandeur
Everything or everyone else does somehow relates back to the individual
Ideas of reference
Things people see or hear when those things aren’t really there
Hallucinations
The predominant feeling state of an individual
Mood
The feeling state that accompanies what we say at a given point
Affect
This refers to the general awareness of our surroundings
Sensorium
If the patient knows who he is and who the clinician is and has a good idea of the time and place the clinician would say that the patient’s sensorium is:
“clear” and is “oriented times three”
An affect is ____ when we react congruently to an experience
Appropriate
An affect is ____ if for example, your friend won the lottery yet she is crying.
“Inappropriate”, “Blunted” or “Flat”
Possible existence of disorder characterized by intrusive, unwanted thoughts and resistance to them
Subsequent focus
An interview made up of questions that have been carefully phrased and tested to elicit useful information in a consistent manner
Semistructured interviews
Uses direct observation to formally assess an individual’s thoughts, feelings and behavior in specific situations.
Behavioral assessment
Conditions that mimic real-life clinical symptoms or situations
Analogue assessment
___ is what happened just before the behavior, and _____ is what happened afterwards
Antecedents and consequences
An observation that relies on the observer’s recollection, and interpretation of events.
Informal observation
Involves identifying specific behaviors that are observable and measurable
Formal observation
Used as assessment tools before treatment and then periodically during treatment to assess changes in behavior
Behavior rating scales
Personality test in which subjects are given ambiguous stimuli.
Projective test
Self report questionnaires that assess personal traits
Personality inventory
Measurable changes in the nervous system that reflect emotional or psychological events.
Psychophysiology
Kraepelin called schizophrenia ____
Dementia praecox
Bipolar disorder was once called ___
Manic depressive psychosis
Sedative-hypnotic (anxiolytic) drugs produce
Feelings of relaxation and drowsiness
Sedative that slow down body and brain’s function (depressant)
Benzodiazepines
A drug that corrects grossly confused or distorted thinking
Antipsychotics
Treatment for depression in which an implanted pulse generator sends regular electrical signals to a person’s vagus nerve
Vagus nerve stimulation
Electrodes attached to patient’s head and send an electrical current through the brain, causing seizure
Electroconvulsive therapy
Also known as antibipolar drugs
Mood stabilizers
Also known as minor tranquilizers
Antianxiety
Treat depression by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain
SSRI
Systematic evaluation and measurement of psychological, biological, and social factors in a person presenting with a possible psychological disorder
Clinical assessment
Process of determining whether a presenting problem meets the established criteria for a specific psychological disorder
Diagnosis
Method of categorizing characteristics on a continuum rather than on a binary, either-or, or all-or-none basis.
Dimensional approach
Classification method founded on the assumption of clear-cut differences among disorders, each with a different known cause
Classical categorical approach
System for categorizing disorders using both essential, defining characteristics and a range of variation on other characteristics
Prototypical approach
Process of establishing specific norms and requirements for a measurement technique to ensure it is used consistently across measurement occasions
Standardization
Measuring, observing, and systematically evaluating (rather than inferring) the clients thoughts, feelings and behavior in the actual problem situation
Behavioral assessment
Identification and examination of large groups of people with the same disorder to note similarities and develop general laws
Nomotethic strategy
Cognitive behavioral therapy known to be effective in OCD
Exposure and response prevention
Drugs used routinely in medical setting to relieve severe pain
Opioid-based drugs
Tailoring the treatment to the individual patient in order to optimize therapy outcome
Precision medicine
Neurochemical that causes an extreme burst of anxiety, has the opposite side effect of GABA
Benzodiazepine inverse agonist
Drugs that correct grossly confused or distorted thinking
Antipsychotics
These are also called antibipolar drugs
Mood stabilizers
Block or change the effects of an addictive drug
Antagonist drugs
Also called as minor tranquilizers, helps reduce tension and anxiety
Antianxiety
Treat depression by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain
SSRI
