Quiz 2

Question 1

Exceptions

Answer 1

allows program to catch and handle errors

Question 2

Exception handler

Answer 2

allows program to recover through a try-catch

Question 3

Stack memory

Answer 3

for data that is automatically managed or statically allocated at runtime

Question 4

Heap memory

Answer 4

for data that is dynamically allocated

Question 5

Casting

Answer 5

taking one type of data and converting it to another

broad: how bits are interpreted

Question 6

Explicit Ctors

Answer 6

turns off implicit conversions

Question 7

Implicit Ctors

Answer 7

can be overwritten with diff data types (compiler adds code to cast to a different type)

Question 8

Pointers

Answer 8

contains memory address as value
must be defined
* to dereference

Question 9

References

Answer 9

applied to a variable to access the address
cannot be null
require initialization
cannot change what it refers to
must be const if initialized with literal value

Question 10

Const

Answer 10

ensures data cannot be modified

makes temp variables when unnamed/not matching the type

Question 11

this

Answer 11

non-const member function: X * const
- const pointer to a non-const object X
const member function const X * const
- object is also const

Question 12

Static Memory

Answer 12

Reserved at compile-time, allocated when the program starts and deallocated when it ends.
Ex. Global variables, static variables in functions, static class members.

Question 13

Dynamic Memory

Answer 13

Allocated on the program’s heap during run time. Requires new and delete operators. Examples: When memory is allocated for an array.

Question 14

Automatic Memory

Answer 14

Allocated on the program’s execution stack during run time, as control flow enters and deallocated as flow exits from a block of code
Ex. Function parameters, local variables, and functions

Question 15

Try block

Answer 15

encloses code that may generate error/ produce an exception

Question 16

Catch block

Answer 16

specifies type of exception and contains exception handler, if there is not catch block the terminate function is called (abort function)
must be const for const object

Question 17

Const pointer

Answer 17

memory address cannot change
different from pointer to const data
const needs to be to the right of *