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DI > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Scatter is?

A

Photons redirected by patient

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2
Q

Why is scatter bad?

A

Increases personnel exposure

Reduces image quality/ contrast

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3
Q

How do you reduce scatter?

A

Grids

Collimation

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4
Q

What color is unprocessed x-ray film- straight out of the box?

A

Green

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5
Q

What color is unexposed, developed and fixed piece of film on view box

A

White or CLEAR

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6
Q

What color represents exposed, devloped and fixed piece of x-ray film.

A

Black/ dark

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7
Q

UNDEREXPOSED is what color

A

WHITE

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8
Q

OVEREXPOSED is what color

A

BLACK

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9
Q

Image in the thorax you want a ___ kvp and ___ mAs

A

HIGH kVp

LOW mAs

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10
Q

Image in the abdomen you want a ___ kvp and ____ mAs

A

LOW kVp

High mAs

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11
Q

EXPOSURE MEANS WHAT

A

BLACK

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12
Q

What are some reasons a portable x-ray machine should not be hand-held when x-raying a horse?

A

Motion artifact

Personnel exposure if machine is not adequately shielding

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13
Q

What is a grid

A

Rectangular plate with thin alternating strips of lead an Al

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14
Q

Why are grids used?

A

Placed between patient and film or digital plate to intercept scatter produced in patient

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15
Q

When are Grids used?

A

When patients measure MORE than 10cm

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16
Q

By standing 4 ft away from the person radiographing a horse instead of 2ft away, your personnel radiation exposure decreases by how much?

A

Exposure decrease 1/4

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17
Q

To increase contrast how would you adjust mAs and kVp?

A

INC mAs

DEC kVp

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18
Q

What has the best spatial resolution?

  • digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A

Digital Rads

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19
Q

which has the best contrast resolution

  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A

CT

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20
Q

Which employs tomography?

  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A

CT & MRI

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21
Q

Which uses ionizing radiation?

  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A
  • Digital rads

- CT

22
Q

Which can be reconstructed in planes other than were originally acquired

  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A

CT

23
Q

Which can benefit from use of contrast medium?

  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A
  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
24
Q

What would you use for fractured bone?

  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A

Digital Rads

25
Q

Which would you use on dog with recent onset of seizures?

  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A

CT

26
Q

What would you use on dog with bilateral elbow pain?

  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A

CT

27
Q

What would you use on paraplegic K9

  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A

MRI

28
Q

What would you use on Fel with resp difficulty?

  • Digital rads
  • CT
  • MRI
A

Digital Rads

29
Q

What would you use to determine Surgical respectability

A

CT

30
Q

Fat shows up BRIGHT in all but?

  • t2
  • t1
  • FLAIR
  • STIR
A

Stir- fat is dark in STIR

——You STIR out all the fat

31
Q

CSF is BRIGHT in?

A

T2-bright
T1- dark
Flair- dark
Stir- bright

32
Q

Superimposition

A

Structure appears in unexpected location and is misinterpreted as leasion- tick!!

33
Q

Summation

A

Overlapping structures create summation opacity that is not really present

34
Q

Silhouette sign

A

Effacement of border of two structures of same radiographic opacity that are in contact

35
Q

The 5 radiographic opacities are?

A 
Air
Fat
Metal
Water 
Bone
36
Q

When two structures of the same opacity touch each other and efface the boarder its Called?

A

Silhouette sign (kidneys)

37
Q

What would you see on a Cat rad that would assure you it was a cat not a dog?

A 
High peritoneal fat
Vert elongated 
Lumbar muscles are seen 
NO spleen spleen seen in later view 
Pylorus more medial in cat 
Cecum in cats Sall
38
Q

In order to see deeper structures you sacrifice resolution by choosing….

A

LOWER FREQUENCY

-allows signal to travel further into body

39
Q

Ultrasound- In order to see superficial structures (closer to surface) you choose ….

A

Higher frequency

40
Q

Clean acoustic shadowing

A

Made at bone tissue interface
Looks homogenous
BLACK

41
Q

Dirty acoustic shadowing

A

At tissue gas interface
Inhomogenous
WHITE

42
Q

HYPERECHOIC

A

WHITE

43
Q

ANECHOIC

A

BLACK

44
Q

HYPOECHOIC

A

MORE OF GREY SCALE

45
Q

ISOECHOIC

A

Echogenitcity of two structures is same

46
Q

Acoustic shadowing

A

Waves go through fluid so machine is overcompensating for what is behind the image

47
Q

Edge shadowing

A

Shadow passing on the edges of a spherical structure

48
Q

Slice thickness

A

Concave structure wave hit at different times at the structure- machine averages and you get a “wonky” image

You have to rule out sediment/sludge - so shake the animal (gently here) if it doesn’t move it is splice thickness

49
Q

Mirror image artifact

A

Diaphragm and air coming together

BRIGHT AF because the air (lungs ) are up against the diaphragm

50
Q

What is better about a high frequency probe

A

A high frequency probe provides better resolution and reduce penetration

51
Q

Ultrasound on horses abdomen, what do you want to use?

A

High penetration with low frequency and low resolution

52
Q 
My — medulla (MOST hypoechoic)
Cat — cortex 
Loves— liver 
Sunny —spleen
Places— prostate (Most hyperechoic)
A

The medulla is hypoechoic to the spleen ext

DI (1 decks)

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