Quiz 2 Flashcards
What are the primary elevators of the mandible?
Masseter
Temporalis
Medial pterygoid
What is unique about the posterior portion of the temporalis?
It is active in returning the mandible
Where does the temporalis muscle insert?
The Coronoid process of the mandible
What is the primary protruder muscle of the mandible?
Lateral pterygoid muscle
The superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle is active in jaw ____ movements while the inferior head is active in jaw ___ movements.
1) closing
2) opening (and protrusion)
What muscle causes depression of the mandible?
Digastric muscle
What muscles are active in swallowing?
The supra hyoid and infra hyoid muscles and digastric muscles . The mandible is stabilized and elevation of the hyoid bone occurs which is necessary for the function of swallowing
Name the order of nuclei/subnuclei in descending order
Motor nuclei Sensory nuclei Subnuclei oralis Subnuclei interpolaris Subnuclei caudalis
What is a protoplasmic process?
Extension of the nerve cells (axons or dendrites)
Where are all afferent synapses located?
In the gray matter
True or false… There are no peripheral connections between sensory fibers.
True
What is the difference between exteroreceptors and interoceptors?
Exteroreceptors provide info from the exterior tissues of the body
Interoceptors inform the CNS of the status of internal organs and processes such as blood flow, digestion, and breathing
What subnuclei does tooth pulp afferents go to?
Subnucleus oralis
Subnucleus interpolaris
Subnucleus caudalis
Motor reflexes of the face originate from where?
The trigeminal nerve
What does the reticular formation do?
Monitors impulses that enter the brain stem.
Enhances or inhibits impulses
What role does the thalamus play?
It is the relay from the cortex to the rest of the CNS. It’s kinda like a translator
What is the role of the hypothalamus?
Major center of the brain for controlling internal body functions (body temp, breathing, hunger, etc. )
What is the role of the limbic structures?
control emotional and behavioral activities
What does the CPG (central pattern generator) do?
Pool of neurons within the brains stem that controls rhythmic muscle activity. (Walking, breathing, chewing)
True or false…. Sensory input from the teeth, periodontal ligament, cheeks, and palate, are received and integrated in the CPG
True
What are the two different phases of the closing phase?
Crushing phase and grinding phase
What are the distances of the crushing phase?
Opening intercuspal position goes from 16-18mm to 3mm apart.
Also the mandible can go 3 -4mm lateral from starting position
The harder the food the more ___ the closure stroke. Also ____ chewing strokes are needed
Lateral
More
Which promotes more vertical chewing strokes… Tall cusps and deep fossae or flattened/worn cusps?
Tall cusps and deep fossae
