Quiz 2 Flashcards
Thalamus
- Just above brain stem
- Main input for sensory info to cerebrum
- Output center for motor info from cerebrum
- Part of limbic system
- Sensory info can have emotional connections
Cerebrum
2 hemispheres -
- Left : Logical & Mathematical
- Right: Creative & Visual
Basal Nuclei (Ganglia)
Located in cerebrum
A) Planning and learning movement patterns
B) Damage= no signal to muscles
Cerebral Cortex
A. Analyze sensory information
B. Issue motor commands
C. Generate language
GIA
Human’s have :
Largest cerebral cortex (thinking learning language)
Animals have:
Mostly sensory information
Lateralization
Each side has specific functions
How does left and right brain work?
Left brain senses right brain info and sends messages to right side of brain
Corpus Callosum
Band of axons
Left and right hemispheres can communicate
Brain compensation if damaged
Cerebral Lobes
Parietal
Frontal
Temporal
Occipital
Parietal
Somatosensory cortex
Somatosensory Association
Speech Taste Reading
Frontal
Speech
Motor Cortex
Temporal
Hearing
Speech
Auditory Association
Occipital
Visual
Visual Association
Primary Somatosensory Cortex (Parietal Lobe)
Most sensory information
Receives and integrates pain/temperature from body receptors
Wernickie’s Area (Parietal Lobe)
Receives the visual info
Speech and reading association
Sores word and grammar
Broca’s Area (Frontal Lobe)
Wernicke sends signals of what to say
Broca signals motor cortex to move mouth muscles, tongues and lips to form words
Motor Cortex (Frontal Lobe)
Sends commands to skeletal muscles
Responds to sensory stimuli
Planning and complex movements and thoughts
Frontal Lobe
Behavior, motivation and emotions
Limbic Assoc Area
Language Comprehension
Wernicke Area
Word formation
Brocas Area
Why are some body areas more sensitive to pain?
The more brain surface dedicated to the body part the more importance of information
Purpose of Nervous System
To pass fast traveling short lived electrical messages to all body parts
Pass messages to all body parts in order to
Inform body of external stimuli
Inform body of internal stimuli
Send messages through body as a response to stimuli
Three steps to information processing:
Sensory input
Integration
Motor output
Neurons target for
Muscle Nerves Gland (Pituatary & Adrenal) Heart Diaphragm
Cell body
Nucleus, organelles, protein syntheses
Axon Hillock
Electrical impulse starts axon
How neuron travels:
Neuron learning from previous cell
Dendrite receive messages from previous neuron or sensory cell
Electrical impulse travels down cord because of the axon hillock
Axon carries the electrical message down
Synaptic terminals pass the message into synapse to next cell
Membrane Potential
Difference in electrical voltage on each side of neurons membrane (inside and outside)
Resting Potential
Polarized
No message
-60mV–80mV
Action Potential
Depolarized
Electrical message
Positive INSIDE neuron because of the sodium ions rushing in
Synaptic Terminals
Ends of neuron Releases neurotransmitters (chemicals) into synapse
Synapse
Space between the neighboring neurons
Neurotransmitters cross here
Myelin Sheath
Made up of Schwann cells
Insulate axon
Protect axon
Saltatory conduction
Saltatory Conduction
Speeds up messages
