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biology lab > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

photosynthesis is a ___ ____ process

A

light dependent

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2
Q

two steps of photosynthesis

A

light dependent reactions and light independent reactions

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3
Q

What do light reactions need? What resources?

A

light energy and H20`

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4
Q

What is used up in the Calvin Cycle (dark reactions)?

A

CO2, ATP, and NADPH

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5
Q

The Equation that represents photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6 H20 —-light—-> C6H12O6 + 602

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6
Q

Where does cellular respiration occur in the cell?

A

mitochondrion

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7
Q

3 stages of cellular respiration

A

glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

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8
Q

What resources does cellular respiration use to produce ATP energy?

A

oxygen and sugar

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9
Q

The equation that represents cellular respiration

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 –>6CO2 + 6H20 + energy (36 ATP)

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10
Q

During photosyntehsis, what are the raw materials?

A

CO2 + H2O + light

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11
Q

During photosynthesis, what are the products released?

A

CH20 + O2

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12
Q

During photosynthesis, what are the products released?

A

C6CO2 + H20 + energy/ATP

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13
Q

Can photosynthesis and respiration occur simultaneously in the same organism?

A

yes

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14
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

a plant that makes its own food

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15
Q

what is a heterotroph

A

anthing that can’t make its own food

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16
Q

Cells

A

the basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms

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17
Q

four features all cells have in common

A

nucleoid or nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and a cell or plasma membrane

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18
Q

eukaryotic organisms

A

organisms that have a defined nucleus to house the DNA as well as various organelles that are membrane-bound

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19
Q

prokaryotic organisms

A

living organisms that lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

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20
Q

cell wall

A

the outer boundary of a an elodea cell

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21
Q

inside the cell wall

A

where the plasma membrane in an elodea cell is located

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22
Q

chloroplasts

A
  • green spheres in the cells

- organelles in which a photosynthetic pigment called chlorophyll is located

23
Q

central vacuole

A
  • location: plant cell
  • occupies about 90% of the volume of a plant cell
  • main function: store various substancessuch as water enzymes, ions, and waste products
24
Q

chlorophyll

A
  • photosynthetic pigment
25
Q

similarities between plant and animal cells

A
  • they have a cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm
26
Q

things the plant cell has that the animal cell doesn’t

A

cell wall, central vacuoles, chloroplasts

27
Q

cilia

A

short hair-like structures used for locomotion

28
Q

parts of a parameciium

A

cilia, mmacronucleus, micronucleus, food vacuoles, and contractile vacuoles

29
Q

What structures in spirogyra (protist) also occur in plant cells?

A

chlorophyll

30
Q

____ do not have a nucleus

A

prokaryotes

31
Q

primary difference between single-celled bacteria cells and those of protists?

A

protists have a nucleus

32
Q

List three cell parts that may be present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

A

nucleoid/nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, cell/plasma membrane

33
Q

list at least two structures that can be observed in a plant cell but not in an animal cell

A

cell wall, chloroplasts, and central vacuole

34
Q

function of the cell wall

A

provide structure

35
Q

function of the central vacuole

A

provides “extra” water when ther s none outside the plant

36
Q

function of the chloroplasts

A

capture sunlight/light energy for photosynthesis

37
Q

List three kingdoms that contain eukaryotic organisms

A

anything not bacteria (animals, plants, fungi, and protists)

38
Q

Cells are composed of what three major parts?

A
  • plasma membrane
  • nucleus
  • cytosol
39
Q

homeostasis

A

balance of a cell

40
Q

2 primary mechanisms of moving substances across the selectively permeable membrane

A

passive transport

active transport

41
Q

Difference between passive and active transport

A
  • active transport requires energy

- passive transport does not require energy

42
Q

examples of passive transport

A
  • diffusion and osmosis
43
Q

examples of active transport

A

proton pump, calcium pump, or sodium-potassium pump

44
Q

Does osmosis use passive transport or active transport?

A
  • passive transport
45
Q

osmosis

A
  • a form of diffusion
  • the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration (potential) to an area of low water concentration (potential)
46
Q

unsaturated solution

A
  • one that can dissolve more solute
47
Q

saturated solution

A

solute molecules are in equal suspension with the solvent

48
Q

supersaturated solution

A

one that remains undissolved in the bottom of the container

49
Q

hypertonic solution

A

when the solute concentration in the solution is greater than the solute concentration inside the cell

50
Q

hypotonic solution

A

when the solute concentration in the solution is less than the solute concentration inside the cell

51
Q

isotonic solution

A

when solute concentrations are equal inside and outside a cell

52
Q

What organelles to plant cells and eukaryotic cells have in common?

A
  • cytoplasm
  • ribosomes
  • plasma membrane
  • nucleus
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • golgi complex
  • cytoskeleton
  • mitochondria
53
Q

what features are unique to plant cells that aren’t in animal cells?

A
  • plastid
  • chloroplast
  • cell wall
  • central vacuole

biology lab (1 decks)

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