Quiz 2 Flashcards

(53 cards)

1
Q

photosynthesis is a ___ ____ process

A

light dependent

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2
Q

two steps of photosynthesis

A

light dependent reactions and light independent reactions

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3
Q

What do light reactions need? What resources?

A

light energy and H20`

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4
Q

What is used up in the Calvin Cycle (dark reactions)?

A

CO2, ATP, and NADPH

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5
Q

The Equation that represents photosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6 H20 —-light—-> C6H12O6 + 602

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6
Q

Where does cellular respiration occur in the cell?

A

mitochondrion

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7
Q

3 stages of cellular respiration

A

glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

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8
Q

What resources does cellular respiration use to produce ATP energy?

A

oxygen and sugar

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9
Q

The equation that represents cellular respiration

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 –>6CO2 + 6H20 + energy (36 ATP)

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10
Q

During photosyntehsis, what are the raw materials?

A

CO2 + H2O + light

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11
Q

During photosynthesis, what are the products released?

A

CH20 + O2

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12
Q

During photosynthesis, what are the products released?

A

C6CO2 + H20 + energy/ATP

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13
Q

Can photosynthesis and respiration occur simultaneously in the same organism?

A

yes

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14
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

a plant that makes its own food

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15
Q

what is a heterotroph

A

anthing that can’t make its own food

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16
Q

Cells

A

the basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms

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17
Q

four features all cells have in common

A

nucleoid or nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and a cell or plasma membrane

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18
Q

eukaryotic organisms

A

organisms that have a defined nucleus to house the DNA as well as various organelles that are membrane-bound

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19
Q

prokaryotic organisms

A

living organisms that lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

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20
Q

cell wall

A

the outer boundary of a an elodea cell

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21
Q

inside the cell wall

A

where the plasma membrane in an elodea cell is located

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22
Q

chloroplasts

A
  • green spheres in the cells

- organelles in which a photosynthetic pigment called chlorophyll is located

23
Q

central vacuole

A
  • location: plant cell
  • occupies about 90% of the volume of a plant cell
  • main function: store various substancessuch as water enzymes, ions, and waste products
24
Q

chlorophyll

A
  • photosynthetic pigment
25
similarities between plant and animal cells
- they have a cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm
26
things the plant cell has that the animal cell doesn't
cell wall, central vacuoles, chloroplasts
27
cilia
short hair-like structures used for locomotion
28
parts of a parameciium
cilia, mmacronucleus, micronucleus, food vacuoles, and contractile vacuoles
29
What structures in spirogyra (protist) also occur in plant cells?
chlorophyll
30
____ do not have a nucleus
prokaryotes
31
primary difference between single-celled bacteria cells and those of protists?
protists have a nucleus
32
List three cell parts that may be present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
nucleoid/nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, cell/plasma membrane
33
list at least two structures that can be observed in a plant cell but not in an animal cell
cell wall, chloroplasts, and central vacuole
34
function of the cell wall
provide structure
35
function of the central vacuole
provides "extra" water when ther s none outside the plant
36
function of the chloroplasts
capture sunlight/light energy for photosynthesis
37
List three kingdoms that contain eukaryotic organisms
anything not bacteria (animals, plants, fungi, and protists)
38
Cells are composed of what three major parts?
- plasma membrane - nucleus - cytosol
39
homeostasis
balance of a cell
40
2 primary mechanisms of moving substances across the selectively permeable membrane
passive transport | active transport
41
Difference between passive and active transport
- active transport requires energy | - passive transport does not require energy
42
examples of passive transport
- diffusion and osmosis
43
examples of active transport
proton pump, calcium pump, or sodium-potassium pump
44
Does osmosis use passive transport or active transport?
- passive transport
45
osmosis
- a form of diffusion - the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration (potential) to an area of low water concentration (potential)
46
unsaturated solution
- one that can dissolve more solute
47
saturated solution
solute molecules are in equal suspension with the solvent
48
supersaturated solution
one that remains undissolved in the bottom of the container
49
hypertonic solution
when the solute concentration in the solution is greater than the solute concentration inside the cell
50
hypotonic solution
when the solute concentration in the solution is less than the solute concentration inside the cell
51
isotonic solution
when solute concentrations are equal inside and outside a cell
52
What organelles to plant cells and eukaryotic cells have in common?
- cytoplasm - ribosomes - plasma membrane - nucleus - endoplasmic reticulum - golgi complex - cytoskeleton - mitochondria
53
what features are unique to plant cells that aren't in animal cells?
- plastid - chloroplast - cell wall - central vacuole