Quiz 2

Question 1

11th Amendment

Answer 1

Protects states against lawsuits in federal courts by citizens of other states or a foreign nation.

Question 2

12th Amendment

Answer 2

Establishes how the president and vice president are selected in the Electoral College system.

Question 3

13th Amendment

Answer 3

Abolished slavery. First of three “Reconstruction Amendments” passed after Civil War (1865-70)

Question 4

14th Amendment

Answer 4

All persons born or naturalized in U.S. are citizens. Provides for equal protection of the laws, privileges and immunities, due process of law.

Question 5

15th Amendment

Answer 5

The right to vote will not be denied on the basis of race, color or previous condition of servitude.

Question 6

16th Amendment

Answer 6

Established the income tax.

Question 7

17th Amendment

Answer 7

Senators are directly elected by the people.

Question 8

18th Amendment

Answer 8

Banned the manufacture, sale or transportation of alcohol. Prohibition.

Question 9

19th Amendment

Answer 9

Women’s Suffrage. States cannot deny the right to vote based on gender

Question 10

20th Amendment

Answer 10

Establishes the end of presidential and legislative terms to January instead of March.

Question 11

shay’s Rebellion

Answer 11

A series of attacks on courthouses by a small band of farmers led by Revolutionary War Captain Daniel Shays to block foreclosure proceedings.

Question 12

Habeas Corpus

Answer 12

court order which requires that individuals who have been arrested or detained be physically brought before the court to determine whether they are being held on legal grounds. This helps protect people from being arbitrary arrested and/or held in custody for excessive periods unnecessarily.

Question 13

Republic

Answer 13

A form of government in which the people select representative to govern them and make laws.

Question 14

Public Policy

Answer 14

the distrubution of the population’s beliefs about politics and policy issuses

Question 15

Policy Gridlock

Answer 15

A condition that occurs when interest conflict and no coalition is strong enough to form a majority and establish policy, so nothing gets done

Question 16

Direct Democracy

Answer 16

A system of selecting policymakers and organizzing government so that policy represents and responds to the public’s preference

Question 17

Supremacy Clause

Answer 17

The clause in Article VI of the Constitution that makes the Constitution, national laws, and treaties supremes over state

Question 18

Enumerated powers

Answer 18

powers given to the national government alone

Question 19

Gibbons v Ogden

Answer 19

A landmark case decided in 1824 in which the Supreme Court interpreted very broadly the clause in Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution giving Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce, encompassing virtually every form of commercial activity.

Question 20

Extraditon

Answer 20

A legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to officials of the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed.

Question 21

Categorical Grants

Answer 21

Federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes, or “catergories”, of state and local spending.They come with strings attached, such as non-discrimination provisions.

Question 22

Cooperative Federalism

Answer 22

A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government.

Question 23

Incorporation Doctrine

Answer 23

14th amendment incorporates Bill of Rights so states have to follow it also

Question 24

Exclusionary Rule

Answer 24

The Exclusionary Rule is a series of court decisions made by the U.S. Supreme Court that states that any evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in a court of law.

Question 25

Civil rights

Answer 25

sPOlicies designed to protect people against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by goverment officials or individuals.

Question 26

Civil Liberties

Answer 26

The contitutional and other legal protections against government actions. Our civil liberties are formally set down in the Bill of Rights.

Question 27

Equal rights amendment

Answer 27

the propsed 27th amendment proposing equal right to sexs “Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State on account of sex.”

Question 28

Amicus Curiae Briefs

Answer 28

“Friend of the court briefs”; written arguments submitted to the courts in support of one side of a case.

Question 29

Solicitor general

Answer 29

a presidential appointee and the third-ranking office in the Department of Justice; incharge of appelate court litigation of the fedral government

Question 30

Precedent

Answer 30

The judgement of a court when ruling on a case, which establishes a point of law for other courts to follow.

Question 31

Original Intent

Answer 31

Original intent is a theory in law concerning constitutional and statutory interpretation.

Question 32

Judicial Activism

Answer 32

The philosophy that the Supreme Court should play an active role in shaping national policies by addressing social and political issues

Question 33

Trial balloons

Answer 33

intentional news leak for the purpose of assessing the political reaction

Question 34

Mass media

Answer 34

Those means of communication that reach large audiences, especially television, radio, printed publications, and the Internet

Question 35

Patronage

Answer 35

politics) granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support

Question 36

National convention

Answer 36

the governing authority of the political party. They give direction to the national party chairperson, the spokesperson of the party, and the person who heads the national committee, the governing body of the party. They are also the forums where presidential candidates are given the official nod by their parties.

Question 37

Political party

Answer 37

An organized group that attempts to influence government by electing its members to office.

Question 38

Interest group

Answer 38

Put pressure for change on policy makers and elected officials. This gets the cause they are trying to make happen more likely.

Question 39

melting pot

Answer 39

mixture of people from different cultures and races.

Question 40

Reapportionment

Answer 40

dividing the seats of the House among the states based on the census

Question 41

Redistricting

Answer 41

State legislatures redraw district boundaries after number of representatives is set by Congress

Question 42

Gerrymandering

Answer 42

redrawing district boundaries to help one political party

Question 43

Exit polls

Answer 43

poll of voters taken immediately after they have exited the polling stations. Asks who the voter actually voted for