Quiz 2 Flashcards
Phonology
The study of the sound system of a language; the structure and function of the sounds.
This includes the variations of the sounds, and the rules for combining them.
Phonetics
The study of the production and perception of speech sounds.
Using a system of symbols to the accurately and reliably represent the sounds of a language (IPA)
Clinical phonetics
The application of phonetics to clinical populations
describes speech difference, and disorders
Phonotactics
The rules for how speech sounds, can be combined in a word into position they can occupy
Ex: no words in the American English language begins with “ng”
What are the areas of phonetics?
Acoustic, articulatory, and perceptual phonetics
Acoustic phonetics
Physical properties of sound
-Frequency, amplitude, duration
Articulatory phonetics
How and where sounds are produced in the vocal tract
Perceptual phonetics
The study of how we hear and interpret speech sounds; how we perceive them
Morpheme
Smallest unit of meaning
Can be:
-Words (cat)
-plural endings (catS)
-verb tense endings (walkED)
-prefixes (UNhappy)
-suffixes (quickLY)
How many morphemes are in the words: carefully, mother, sidewalks, painter?
Carefully: care + ful+ ly = 3
Mother: mother = 1
Sidewalks: side + walk + s = 3
Painter: paint + er = 2
Intervocalic
consonants that are between vowels in a word with two or more syllables
Ex: WAGON
Simple syllable
A syllable that contains no consonants or only Singleton consonants
Ex: V, CV, CVC
Complex syllable
A syllable that contains at least one sequence
List and define the four parts of a syllable
ONSET: the consonants before the nucleus (ex: C in cat)
NUCLEUS: the vowel sound (ex: A in cat)
CODA: the consonants after the nucleus (ex: T in cat)
RIME: the nucleus + coda (ex: AT in cat) 🐱
Minimal pairs
Each pair of words differs by one sound
Ex: key & pea
top & stop
Difference between a constant Diagraph, and a consonant sequence
CONSONANT DIAGRAPH: two letters that represent a single sound (ex: SH in ship) 🚢
CONSONANT SEQUENCE: two or more consonants that retain their individual sounds (ex: BL in blend)
Difference between grapheme and phomeme
A grapheme is a written letter while a phomeme is a speech sound
