Quiz 2: Flashcards
Which type of neuron activates the muscles involved in a reflex response?
motor neuron
What is a supernormal stimulus?
an exaggerated sign stimulus that elicits an especially vigorous response
An important feature of modal action patterns (MAPs), is that ________.
a particular stimulus can have very different effects in different contexts
How does culture affect appetitive and consummatory behaviors?
Culture has a dramatic effect on appetitive behaviors but very little effect on consummatory behaviors.
Which statement about spontaneous recovery is true?
It is never complete in long-term habituation.
When Adriana first moved to the city, she constantly noticed how crowded the streets, restaurants, and stores were compared to her small hometown. She felt anxious being surrounded by so many people when she went out into public. However, over time, Adriana stopped feeling anxious about crowds, and eventually she stopped noticing the masses of people around her. Adriana’s experience illustrates ________.
a. habituation
Someone dropped a tray in the cafeteria and it landed on the floor with a loud clatter. Most of the people in the cafeteria suddenly tensed the muscles in the upper part of their bodies, raised their shoulders and pulled their head into their shoulders when they heard the noise. This situation illustrates ________.
the startle response
Two sisters are telling each other ghost stories. It is late at night and it is dark in their room. They are both feeling scared, and when their mom comes in to check on them, the noise of the door opening makes them both jump and scream. This scenario illustrates _______.
c. sensitization
Research on salivation and hedonic ratings of taste in people indicate that people ________.
salivate less and rate a flavor as less pleasant the more they encounter that flavor
How do the processes of habituation and sensitization help us survive in our environments?
They help us determine which stimuli we should ignore and which stimuli we should react to.
Which statement about the habituation and sensitization processes is true?
The habituation and sensitization processes often happen at the same time.
What do habituation and sensitization have in common?
They both lessen or disappear over time if the stimulus disappears.
When an emotion-arousing stimulus is presented, the ________ process is responsible for the quality of the emotional state that occurs as a result of the stimulus.
primary
According to the opponent process theory, why do drug addicts continue to take drugs?
hey are trying to avoid the unpleasant after-reactions to the drugs.
John takes sleeping pills every night. They used to help him fall right to sleep, but now he can barely tell that he took a sleeping pill and has trouble falling asleep once again. John’s situation illustrates drug ________.
tolerance
