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Tooth Morphology > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

separates dentin from enamel

A

dentinoenamel junction

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2
Q

What exits the apical foramen?

A

nerves

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3
Q

where anatomic crown meets anatomical root

A

cementoenamel junction

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4
Q

where cementum and dentin meet

A

cementodentinal junction

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5
Q

no blood supply, no nerves

A

avascular

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6
Q

What is the final job of ameloblasts?

A

to form nasmyth’s membrane

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7
Q

What does nasmyth’s membrane do?

A

protects enamel

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8
Q

imperfect enamel formation
- little holes in teeth, discolored

A

amelogenesis imperfecta

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9
Q

What is the result of too much fluoride ingested?
- modeled, white coloration

A

fluorosis

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10
Q

What happens in children that get lots of fevers and/or infections?

A

enamel damage

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11
Q

hard tissue loss from tooth-to-tooth movement
- grinding, bruxism

A

attrition

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12
Q

chemical means tooth decay
- acid reflex, bulimia, soda

A

erosion

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13
Q

wearing away tooth surface by mechanical means
- brushing teeth too hard

A

abrasions

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14
Q

cavities

A

caries

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15
Q

combination of abrasion of CEJ and grinding

A

Abfraction

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16
Q

what do dentin and pulp develop from

A

dental papilla

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17
Q

What is softer than enamel but still as hard as bone?

A

Dentin

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18
Q

What is in the middle, inside of teeth?

A

Pulp

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19
Q

genetic condition with imperfect genetic formation, dentin can’t support house

A

dentinogenisis imperfecta

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20
Q

Babies teeth are affected because of mother taking tetracycline, grey colored

A

tetracycline staining

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21
Q

secreted layers of enamel, dentin, and cementum matrix

A

apposition

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22
Q

mineralization completes

A

maturation

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23
Q

inner enamel epithelial cells elongate and differentiate into pre-ameloblasts

A

Bell stage

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24
Q

What begin to lay down hydroxyapatite crystals and mineralization begins?

A

dentin and enamel

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25
Q

process of enamel matrix formation known as the apposition stage of tooth development

A

amelogenesis

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26
Q

what is the hardest tissue of the body

A

enamel

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27
Q

what can only be removed by rotary cutting instruments

A

enamel

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28
Q

what is 96% mineralized

A

enamel

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29
Q

what forms from ameloblasts and is avascular

A

enamel

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30
Q

what develops from the enamel organ

A

enamel matrix

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31
Q

outer layer of epithelial cells

A

ectoderm

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32
Q

what form from the inner enamel epithelium

A

ameloblasts

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33
Q

how many ameloblasts join together to form the enamel rod

A

3 to 4

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34
Q

a column of enamel that runs perpendicular to the CEJ and extends to the surface of the tooth

A

enamel rods

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35
Q

what is the stage when ameloblasts excrete the enamel matrix

A

mineralization stage

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36
Q

during what stage do crystals grow and begin to calcify

A

maturation stage

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37
Q

incremental growth lines seen in sections of enamel described as brown in color

A

lines of retzuis

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38
Q

horizontal lines seen on the labial surface of anterior teeth

A

imbrication lines

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39
Q

When does root development occur

A

after crown of tooth is formed

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40
Q

what is root development formed from

A

cervical loop

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41
Q

what is responsible for the shape of the roots

A

hertwigs epithelial root sheath

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42
Q

what has genetic control and determines the shape of tooth

A

the dental papilla

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43
Q

what is 70% mineralized

A

dentin

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44
Q

what is softer than enamel

A

dentin

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45
Q

what is formed from odontoblasts

A

dentin

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46
Q

what is yellow- white in color

A

dentin

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47
Q

what makes up the bulk of the tooth and is present on both the crown and root

A

dentin

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48
Q

what secrete the matrix at the dentoenamel junction and the cells move toward the pulp

A

odontoblasts

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49
Q

dentin that is formed before the apical foramen is complete in the root

A

primary or regular dentin

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50
Q

formed after the completion of the apical foramen and continues to form throughout the life of the apical tooth

A

secondary dentin

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51
Q

formed as a result of localized injury to exposed dentin; can form quickly

A

tertiary (reparative, reactive) dentin

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52
Q

dentinal tubules are fully calcified associated with chronic injury

A

sclerotic dentin

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53
Q

incremental lines (growth rings) in dentin similar to the lines of retzius in enamel

A

imbrication lines of von Ebner

54
Q

what develops from the mesoderm tissue of the dental papilla

A

the pulp

55
Q

where is the pulp chamber

A

in the crown

56
Q

where is the pulp canal

A

in the root

57
Q

what is blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, fibroblasts and collagen fibers and cells of connective tissue

A

the pulp

58
Q

what is soft - not calcified or mineralized

A

pulp

59
Q

last portion of tooth to form after the crown erupts

A

apical foramen

60
Q

small calcified circular areas found in the pulp chambers of older persons

A

pulp stones

61
Q

what function of dental pulp is dentin producing cells (odontoblasts)

A

formative

62
Q

what function of dental pulp is the nerve ending relay sense of pain so we feel it

A

sensory

63
Q

what function of dental pulp can pass from heart to tooth in 6 seconds

A

nutritive

64
Q

what function of dental pulp lays reparative dentin

A

defensive or protective

65
Q

what is the dull yellow external layer of tooth root

A

cementum

66
Q

what is very thin especially at the cervical line

A

cementum

67
Q

what is 50-65% mineralized

A

cementum

68
Q

what is hard as bone but softer than enamel

A

cementum

69
Q

what develops from dental sac

A

cementum

70
Q

what is produced by cementoblasts

A

cementum

71
Q

What is odontogenesis?

A

tooth development

72
Q

when does odontogenesis begin

A

6 weeks in utero

73
Q

what is the longest growth period of all organs

A

odontogenesis

74
Q

What are the stages of tooth development in order?

A

Initiation stage
Bud stage
Cap stage
Bell stage
Apposition stage
Maturation stage

75
Q

When is the initiation stage?

A

6-7 weeks

76
Q

What week is the bud stage?

A

8th week

77
Q

When is the cap stage?

A

9-10 weeks

78
Q

What are the three MAIN stages of tooth development?

A

Bud, Cap, and Bell stages

79
Q

What is the primitive mouth (stomodeum) lined by?

A

ectoderm

80
Q

What gives rise to the oral epithelium?

A

ectoderm

81
Q

Consists of two horseshoe-shaped bands of tissue which will become the two arches/jaw

A

oral epithelium

82
Q

What migrates to area to influence ectomesenchyme tissue?

A

neural crest cells

83
Q

What are the oral epithelium and ectomesenchyme separated by?

A

basement membrane

84
Q

What grows at end of the 7th week?

A

oral epithelium

85
Q

Oral epithelium grows deeper into ectomesenchyme to produce what?

A

dental lamina

86
Q

What starts at the midline and spreads posteriorly to the molar area?

A

Dental lamina

87
Q

Absence of single or multiple teeth

A

anodontia

88
Q

extra tooth or teeth

A

supernumerary teeth

89
Q

What stage is extensive growth of the dental lamina into tooth germ penetrating into ectomesenchyme?

A

Bud stage

90
Q

How many buds will be present for primary and permanent dentitions?

A

Primary - 20 buds
Permanent - 32 buds

91
Q

In areas where teeth don’t develop the dental lamina remains thickened and becomes what?

A

oral mucosa

92
Q

abnormally large teeth

A

macrodontia

93
Q

abnormally small teeth

A

microdontia

94
Q

What stage is when proliferation of growth of cells continues?

A

Cap stage

95
Q

What leads to the formation of a cap shape attached to the dental lamina?

A

Cap stage

96
Q

predominant process during cap stage is what?

A

morphogenesis

97
Q

A depression results in the deepest part of each tooth bud of dental lamina and forms a cap or what?

A

enamel organ

98
Q

During cap stage, inner mass of ectomesenchyme now becomes what?

A

dental papilla

99
Q

During cap stage, remaining ectomesenchyme surrounding the outside becomes what?

A

the dental sac

100
Q

At the end of the cap stage, what three embryological structures are now considered to be tooth germs?

A
  1. the enamel organ
  2. dental papilla
  3. dental sac
101
Q

What will give rise to the four tissues that make up a tooth?

A

tooth germ

102
Q

What are the four tissues that make up a tooth?

A
  • enamel
  • dentin
  • cementum
  • pulp
103
Q

enamel organ forms into

A

dens in dente

104
Q

“tooth without tooth”

A

dental papilla

105
Q

Formation of tooth bud in cap shape with deep central depression

A

enamel organ

106
Q

what is the future dental tissue produced from the enamel organ?

A

enamel

107
Q

Condensed mass of ectomesenchyme within the concavity of the enamel organ

A

dental papilla

108
Q

what is the future dental tissue produced from dental papilla?

A

dentin and pulp

109
Q

condensed mass of ectomesenchyme surrounding the enamel organ

A

dental sac

110
Q

what future dental tissue is produced from the dental sac?
“PAC” the sac

A

PDL
Alveolar bone
Cementum

111
Q

tooth germ tries to divide
- tooth count is normal

A

germination

112
Q

union of two adjacent tooth germs
- one less tooth count

A

fusion

113
Q

extra cusp

A

tubercle

114
Q

What stage is the continuation of proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis?

A

Bell stage

115
Q

What are the four developing tissues of the enamel organ?

A
  • outer enamel epithelium
  • stellate reticulum
  • stratum intermedium
  • inner enamel epithelium
116
Q

Where are cubodial cells?

A

outer enamel epithelium

117
Q

What is a protective barrier for enamel organ during enamel production?

A

outer enamel epithelium

118
Q

more outer star-shaped cells in many layers forming a network

A

stellate reticulum

119
Q

What supports production of enamel matrix?

A
  • stellate reticulum
  • stratum intermedium
120
Q

compressed layer of flat to cubodial cells

A

stratum intermedium

121
Q

what is the innermost layer?

A

inner enamel epithelium

122
Q

What are tall columnar cells?

A

inner enamel epithelium

123
Q

What will differentiate into enamel secreting cells (ameloblasts)?

A

Inner enamel epithelium

124
Q

What are secreting cells?

A

ameloblasts

125
Q

What are the two developing tissues of the dental papilla?

A
  • outer and inner cells of the dental papilla
126
Q

What are nearest to inner enamel epithelium?

A

outer cells of dental papilla

127
Q

Where does the basement membrane exist between?

A

between the inner enamel epithelium and the outer cells

128
Q

What will differentiate into odontoblasts that form dentin matrix?

A

Outer cells of dental papilla

129
Q
  • inner cell mass
  • will differentiate into pulp tissue
A

inner cells of dental papilla

130
Q

What stage is when enamel, dentin, and cementum secrete in successive layers initially as a matrix

A

Apposition stage

131
Q

What stage is when dental tissues fully mineralize?

A

maturation

132
Q

What is the order of odontogenesis?

A
  1. ectoderm
  2. dental lamina
  3. enamel organ
  4. inner enamel epithelium
  5. ameloblasts
  6. enamel

Tooth Morphology (2 decks)

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