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BIOTECHNOLOGY > QUIZ 2 > Flashcards

QUIZ 2 Flashcards

1
Q

tough carbohydrates found in cell wall of plants

A

CELLULOSE

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2
Q

5-carbon sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base

A

NUCLEOTIDE

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3
Q

produced in the liver by metabolism of cholesterol

A

BILE ACID

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4
Q

most abundant lipid in animals

A

GLYCEROLIPIDS

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5
Q

molecule found in carbohydrates that causes them to be reducers

A

CARBONYL GROUPS

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6
Q

fused ring compound found in nucleic acids

A

PURINE

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7
Q

Formed when water is added to certain dry phospholipids, with long hydrocarbon chains, it swells and dispersed in more water

A

LIPOSOMES

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8
Q

monosaccharides that form lactose

A

GLUCOSE+ GALACTOSE

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9
Q

steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups

A

STEROLS

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10
Q

formed when an aldehyde group of an aldose is oxidized to a carboxylic acid

A

ALDONIC ACID

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11
Q

reaction class that creates macromolecules

A

CONDENSATION

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12
Q

one of the permanent products of your answer in the previous number

A

WATER

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13
Q

Produced when a hexose ring opens in water

A

D-GLUCOSE

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14
Q

give the number notation for cis-9-hexadecenoic acid

A

16:1^9

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15
Q

Most common ketose

A

D-FRUCTOSE

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16
Q

linear protein conformation

A

FIBROUS

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17
Q

Macromolecules that transport substances through membranes

A

PROTEINS

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18
Q

Concentration level that separates macro- and micronutrients

A

10^-4M

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19
Q

formed when proteins and nucleic acids combine

A

NUCLEOPROTEIN

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20
Q

Ammonium salts widely used as nitrogen source

A

NH4CL, (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3

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21
Q

large lumps of proteins found outside the membrane

A

EXTRINSIC

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22
Q

heterocyclic compound found in nucleic acids

A

PYRIMIDINE

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23
Q

ways of incorporating oxygen into microbial growth media

A

AEROBIC

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24
Q

causes movement of material in membranes

A

DIFFUSION

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25
Q

another term for triacylglycerols

A

TRIGLYCERIDES

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26
Q

Present in ferrodoxin and cytochrome

A

IRON

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27
Q

reaction that decomposes proteins and carbohydrates

A

HYDROLYSIS

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28
Q

Required for growth on NO3 and N2 as the sole source of N

A

MOLYBDENUM

29
Q

Micelles in multiple layers

A

HOLLOW SPHERE

30
Q

second most abundant polysaccharide

A

CHITIN

31
Q

arrangement is space of the polypeptide

A

QUARTERNARY STRUCTURE

32
Q

simplest aldose

A

GLYCERALDEHYDE

33
Q

molecular formula for carbohydrates

A

(CH20)n

34
Q

compact protein conformation

A

GLOBULAR

35
Q

formed when the aldehyde group of a aldose is reduced

A

ALDITOLS

36
Q

group of bacteria that can utilize H as energy source

A

METHANOGENS

37
Q

unfolding of protein to reveal amino acid sequence

A

DENATURATION

38
Q

Terminal electron acceptor in aerobic metabolism of carbon cmpds

A

OXYGEN

39
Q

particularly stable arrangement of amino acid residues.

A

SECONDARY STRUCTURE

40
Q

formed when 2 or more lipid monolayers combine

A

PHOSPOLIPID BILAYER

41
Q

lipid containing phosphorous

A

PHOSPHOGLYCERIDES

42
Q

Process of forming/linking monosaccharides

A

GLYCOSIDATION

43
Q

example of detergent that denatures proteins

A

UREA OR GUANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE OR SODIUM DODECY SULFATE

44
Q

Parent compound of ketoses

A

DIHYDROXYACETONE

45
Q

lipids with no double bonds

A

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS

46
Q

Form soluble compounds with precipitating ions

A

CHELATING AGENTS

47
Q

Used for formate metabolism of some organisms

A

SELENIUM

48
Q

Source of sulfur for cells in growth media aside from S-containing amino acids

A

SULFATE SALTS

49
Q

Part of cell that specifically requires Mg ion

A

RIBOSOMES

50
Q

Deficiency of this nutrient stimulates penicillin and citric acid production

A

COPPER

51
Q

Usual function of vitamins in growth media

A

COFACTOR

52
Q

Present in Vit. B12

A

COBALT

53
Q

Cofactor for amylases and some proteases

A

CALCIUM

54
Q

Stimulate growth and synthesis of some metabolites

A

GROWTH FACTOR

55
Q

Typical carbon source in complex growth media

A

GLYCEROL

56
Q

DNA and RNA bases (enumerate by group and alphabetically)

A
  1. DNA bases: Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine
  2. RNA bases: Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil
57
Q

Functions of Lipids

A
  1. Long term energy storage
  2. Protection against heat loss (insulation)
  3. Protection against physical shock
  4. Protection against water loss

5. Chemical messengers (hormones)

  1. Major component of membrane (phospholipids)
58
Q

Types of Plasma lipoproteins

A
  1. Chylomicrons
  2. Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL)
  3. Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL)
  4. High Density Lipoproteins (HDL)
59
Q

Major Chelating agents

A
  1. Citric Acid
  2. EDTA
  3. Polyphosphates
  4. Histidine
  5. Tyrosine
  6. Cysteine
60
Q

Hormones used as growth factors

A
  1. Insulin
  2. Auxin
  3. Cytokinins
61
Q

There are two major class of nucleic acids: the double-stranded__________ and the single stranded_______

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA), Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

62
Q

The first one is capable of _______________________to produce copies itself.

A

Self Replicate

63
Q

This also makes up_____that code for ___________.

A

Genes, Proteins.

64
Q

The main carrier of our_________information which could be____from one generation to another.

A

Genetic, Passed

65
Q

The second one functions in actual_________ of proteins coded for by _____. It is made up of the DNA______ molecule.

A

Synthesis, DNA, Template

66
Q

When a nucleotide forms, it always begins with the ______ carbon and ends with the ______ carbon.

A
67
Q

For the DNA, the bond between the bases _______ and _______is stronger because it has triple bonds and the bond between ________and ________is weaker.

A

Cytosine, Guanine , Adenine, Thymine

68
Q

For the pairing of the bases __always bonds with ______always bonds with C.

This is why the________structure of the DNA is very stable.

A

A, T and G
Double Helix

BIOTECHNOLOGY (2 decks)

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