quiz 2

Question 1

Information, especially of a biased or
misleading nature. It makes use of a collection of devices
and tricks.

Answer 1

propaganda

Question 2

a mistaken belief, especially one based on
unsound argument.

Answer 2

Fallacy

Question 3

It is a personal attack to a person’s
reputations, looks, and other aspects
that have nothing to do with the
argumentation.

Answer 3

ad hominem

Question 4

Repeating an argument or a premise over and over
again in place of better supporting evidence.

Answer 4

ad nauseam or argument by repetition

Question 5

Insisting that a claim is true simply
because a valid authority or expert on the
issue said it was true, without any other
supporting evidence offered.

Answer 5

Appeal to authority

Question 6

When fear, not based on evidence or reason,
is being used as the primary motivator to
get others to accept an idea, proposition,
or conclusion.

Answer 6

Appeal to fear

Question 7

Poisoning the well
Influencing people to want
to disassociate with
something.

Answer 7

Appeal to prejudice

Question 8

An argument whose main support is
tradition, popular wisdom, or “joining
the crowd.”

Answer 8

Appeal to common Belief ( bandwagon)

Question 9

In place of evidence, attempting to establish a
connection to the audience based on being a
“regular person” just like each of them. Then
suggesting that your proposition is something that
all common folk believe or should accept.

Answer 9

Appeal to common folk

Question 10

It occurs when someone focuses only on
evidence that supports their stance, while
ignoring evidence that contradicts it

Answer 10

Cherry picking or selective truth

Question 11

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly
paired: a response which is at first elicited by the second
stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.

Answer 11

Classical Conditioning

Question 12

It occurs when a person holds
contradictory beliefs, ideas, or values,
and is typically experienced as
psychological stress when they
participate in an action that goes against
one or more of them.

Answer 12

Cognitive Dissonance

Question 13

It promotes an idea about the enemy being
a threatening, evil aggressor with only
destructive objectives

Answer 13

Demonizing the enemy

Question 14

This technique hopes to simplify the
decision-making process by using images
and words to tell the audience exactly
what actions to take, eliminating any other
possible choices.

Answer 14

Dictat

Question 15

is false or misleading information
that is spread deliberately to
deceive

Answer 15

Disinformation

Question 16

This is the use of language
and words carefully
constructed to conceal the
actual meaning.

Answer 16

Euphemism

Question 17

An exaggeration (or hyperbole)
occurs when the most
fundamental aspects of a
statement are true, but only to a
certain degree.

Answer 17

Exaggeration

Question 18

Is a persuasion tactic in which you get
a person to comply with a large
request by first asking them to comply
with a smaller request.

Answer 18

foot in door technique

Question 19

Occurs when people make a decision
based on the way the information is
presented, as opposed to just on the
facts themselves.

Answer 19

Framing

Question 20

an emotionally appealing phrase so
closely associated with highly valued
concepts and beliefs that it carries
conviction without supporting
information or reason.

Answer 20

Glittering Generalities

Question 21

The idea is that the person is “guilty” by simply
being similar to this “bad” group and, therefore,
should not be listened to about anything.

Answer 21

Guild by association

Question 22

Introducing an extreme point of view to
encourage acceptance of a more moderate
stance, or establishing a barely moderate
stance and gradually shifting to an extreme
position

Answer 22

Latitude of acceptance

Question 23

It is used to influence an audience by using words
and phrases with strong connotations associated
with them in order to invoke an emotional response

Answer 23

Loaded Language

Question 24

is the practice of showering a person
with excessive affection and attention
in order to gain control or
significantly influence their behavior

Answer 24

Love Bombing

Question 25

used within groups to isolate
members from society and deepen
connections with their associates

Answer 25

Milieu Control

Question 26

verbal abuse in which insulting
or demeaning labels are directed
at an individual or group

Answer 26

Name calling

Question 27

employs rewards and
punishments for behavior

Answer 27

Operant conditioning

Question 28

the action of describing or explaining
something in such a simple way that it is no
longer correct or true.

Answer 28

Oversimplification

Question 29

(also known as making excuses) is a defense
mechanism in which controversial behaviors or
feelings are justified and explained in a seemingly
rational or logical manner to avoid the true
explanation

Answer 29

Rationalization

Question 30

Something that misleads or distracts from
a relevant or important question. It may be
either a logical fallacy or a literary device
that leads readers or audiences toward a
false conclusion.

Answer 30

Red Herring

Question 31

Is the practice of singling out a person or
group for unmerited blame and consequent
negative treatment.

Answer 31

Scapegoating

Question 32

Any form of argument where the
conclusion is assumed in one of the
premises.

Answer 32

Unstated assumption

Question 33

Refers to “those processes
through which social
relations are reduced (forced
into) to an exchange
relation.”

Answer 33

Commodification

Question 34

May be defined as the
process through which the
boundaries of the modern
state and those of the
national community
become congruent.

Answer 34

Media in nation building