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FETT USA- Tactical Explosive Breaching Certification > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The basic definition of explosive breaching combined with our mission objective is best described as:

A

Use of minimum amount of explosive.

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2
Q

What are three reasons why it is important to construct charges using the minimum amount of explosive necessary?

1) _______________
2) _______________
3) _______________

A

1). Reduces collateral damage inside and outside the target

2). Allow teams to stack closer to the charge to increasing the speed of response.

3). Provide safety to victim, officers, citizens, and suspect/s

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3
Q

Name the 3 types of combustion.

A

1). Ordinary

2). Deflagration

3). Detonation

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4
Q

Low explosives generally require _________ in order to achieve detonation.

A

Confinement

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5
Q

High explosives generally require _________
____________ in order to achieve detonation.

A

Self sustained shockwave through the material.

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6
Q

The factors which induce explosion in energetic materials are:

1).
2).
3).

A

1). Heat
2). Shock
3). Friction

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7
Q

What are the 3 types of explosions?

A

1). Micanical
2). Atomic/Nuclear
3). Chemical

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8
Q

Which of the three types of explosions is used in explosive breaching?

A

Chemical

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9
Q

Explosives are categorized as “low” or “high” depending upon their __________.

A. Relative effectiveness factor
B. Detonation velocity
C. Chemical makeup
D. All of the above

A

B. Detonation velocity

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10
Q

High explosives fall into three Categories defined by how they react to heat, shock, and friction. Two of these three categories are:

A. Primary and secondary
B. High and low
C. Liquid or solid
D. None of the above

A

A. Primary and Secondary

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11
Q

Name the three main effects of the explosive detonation.

  2. 3.
A
  1. Blasting pressure effects
  2. Fragmentation effects
  3. Incendiary/thermal effects
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12
Q

The three types of work performed by high explosives are?

  2. 3.
A
  1. Cut
  2. Push
  3. Blast
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13
Q

Define the characteristics of suitable mediums for the purpose of tamping an explosive breaching charge.

  3. 4.
A
  1. High density
  2. Non-explosive
  3. Non-flammable
  4. Can withstand the force of a detonation and reasonably maintain its integrity without denigrating.
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14
Q

The term “Mach stem bridge effect” is associated with the principles of:

A. Net explosive weights
B. Colliding shock and pressure waves
C. High and low explosive
D. Internal over pressure
E. None of the above

A

B. Colliding shock and pressure waves

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15
Q

True or false:
You can tell the grain weight of detonating cord by the color and diameter of the sheath.

A

False

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16
Q

Detonating cord is commonly used for breaching because of its:

A. Cost
B. Versatility
C. Availability
D. Method of package
E. A, B, C, only
F. All of the above

A

E. A, B, C, only

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17
Q

List the 4 common characteristics of sheet explosive.

  3. 4.
A
  1. Flexible in a wide range of temperatures
  2. Completely water proof
  3. Has a reduce RE factor due to non explosive binders
  4. Easy to cut and apply
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18
Q

The 2 base explosives primarily used in the production of sheet explosives are.

  • ___________
  • ___________
A
  • PETX
  • RDX
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19
Q

True or false:

The metal liner used in the production of linear shape charge does not enhance its cutting effect but only acts as a housing for the explosive core.

A

False

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20
Q

The 2 types of explosive boosters are cast boosters and slip on boosters.

The type of booster most commonly associated with explosive breaching is _____________

A

Slip on Boosters (SOB)

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21
Q

True or False:

As a general rule, it takes double the explosive grain weight of explosive cutting tape (ECT) to do the same work as standard metal encased Flex Linear Charge (FLSC).

A

True

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22
Q

List the 3 types of Priming Systems.

A
  1. Electrical
  2. Non electrical time fuse/ safety fuse
  3. Non electrical shock tube/ nonel
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23
Q

Name 4 potential hazardous conditions that need to be considered when using the Electrical Priming System.

A
  1. Static electrical
  2. Radio transmission
  3. Thunderstorms
  4. High voltage transmission lines.
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24
Q

HMX explosive is found in what commercially manufactured material commonly used in explosive breaching?

A

NONEL shock tube.

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25
Q

True or False:

The term Detonator and Blasting Caps refer to same items.

A

True

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26
Q

True or False:

The use of a Time Fuse might be appropriate under the LE tactical explosive breaching situations.

A

false.

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27
Q

NONEL Shock Tube propagates at approximately________ feet per second.

A

6500 FPS

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28
Q

True or False:

NONEL Shock Tube detonators are resistant to impact.

A

false

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29
Q

Shock Tube Blasting Caps used in operational Priming Systems should be:

A. 100ms delay
B. 125ms delay
C. Zero delay
D. 75ms delay

A

C. Zero delay

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30
Q

List the 2 methods of Attaching the blasting caps to the main charge.

  1. 2.
A
  1. Direct
  2. Dat. Cord loop and pigtail (British Junction)
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31
Q

True or False:

In a tactical environment, when priming into the main charge, you should always work from the Initiator to the Charge.

A

True

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32
Q

As a tactical explosive breacher, you will have both __________ and ___________ responsibilities.

A

Administrative and Operational

33
Q

True or False:

Policies and procedures are essential for standardization and accountability within your program

A

True

34
Q

True or False:

Breachers must be capable of answering technical questions which will allow team leadership and command staff to make sound operational decisions.

A

True

35
Q

True or False:

Explosive breaching charges constructed by law enforcement are classified as “destructive devices” and are therefore regulated by the ATF

A

False

36
Q

The critical items which will protect your program and agency are:

  3. 4.
A
  1. Program ideology, methodology, and standards.
  2. Documentation
  3. Training
    4 operational professionalism.
37
Q

True or false:

Law-enforcement officers handling and storing explosive in the commission of their duties are required to obtain a federal explosive license.

A

False

38
Q

True or false:

State and local government explosive response teams are exempt from the requirement of maintaining an inventory of explosive stored in official response, vehicles, if parked inside, a secured government building.

A

False

39
Q

Name the ATF document, which lists all federal explosive laws and regulations pertaining to compliance and procedures of explosive storage

A

ATF P 5400.7

40
Q

Lost or stolen explosives must be reported to the ATF within:

A. 12 hours.
B. 24 hours.
C. 48 hours.
D. One week.

A

B. 24 hours.

41
Q

True or false:

Blasting caps/detonators can be stored in the same magazine or storage container as other explosives material

A

False

42
Q

True or false:

The ATF regulation provides an allowance for public safety, explosives teams to store explosives overnight within unattended, “official response” vehicles

A

True

43
Q

According to the ATF regulations, what are the limits of explosive storage in “official response” vehicles, which are unattended or parked at an unsecured area

A

2.5 pounds of HE and 20 detonators

44
Q

Official law-enforcement vehicles, storing and transporting explosives for official LE business fall under the jurisdiction of the _________ and therefore are exempt from displaying US DOT placards.

A

ATF

45
Q

True or false:

The common mathematical formulas use for determining minimum safe distance (MSD) and interior over pressure, (IOP) do account for reflective over pressure and colliding shockwaves

A

False

46
Q

When determining a safe, stacking distance and location for his team, and explosive breachers considerations should include, but not be limited to:

A. The nature and severity of the incident
B. Nature of the environment and its surroundings.
C. Size and type of charge.
D. Results obtained from MSD and interior over pressure calculation/formulas.
E. His relevant training and operational experience
F. All of the above.

A

F. All of the above.

47
Q

K– factors are numbers that have been assigned to what value

A. NEW
B. LBS. TNT.
C. PSI.
D. MSD.
E none of the above

A

C. PSI.

48
Q

True or false:

A preacher can roughly estimate potential collateral damage to structures and various materials by using the cube-root scale distance form (MSD formula) in conjunction with K-factor assigned to various PSI values. However, such estimates are not accurate since they cannot account for the full impulse of a detonation event, and other complex related factors

A

True

49
Q

Wright the formula used to determine MSD.

A

D= K x 3rd power LBS. TNT

50
Q

What are the four main hazards associated with explosive breaching?

A
  1. Blast pressure.
  2. Fragmentation.
  3. Heat and fire.
  4. Toxic fumes and dust.
51
Q

Name the three types of over pressure discussed in this basic/intermediate breaching course

A
  1. Incident.
  2. Reflective.
  3. Peak.
52
Q

True or false:

Peak over pressure is defined as the redirection of pressure waves off surrounding surfaces

A

False

53
Q

Structural damage and human casualties are a direct result of what three factors

A
  1. Amount of explosive.
  2. Distance of separation.
  3. Duration of exposure.
54
Q

A person’s ability to understand the effects of blast pressure will vary depending upon a number of factors

  3. 4.
A
  1. (PSI) to person being exposed
  2. The duration of exposed.
  3. body orientation to the blast pressure.
  4. Age physical health.
55
Q

Fragmentation can be created by which sources.

A. Surrounding environment
B. Target being breached.
C. Charge construction material.
D. All of the above.
E. B and C only

A

D. All of the above.

56
Q

True or false:

Secondary fires are likely to occur while conducting explosive breaching operations

A

False

57
Q

True or false:

A ballistic shield will provide breachers, proper protection, from blast pressure in confined spaces.

A

False

58
Q

Conducting explosive breaching, in environments, containing a high volume of combustible airborne particles is very likely to result in a _________ __________

A

Dust exposure

59
Q

Name three actions which will mitigate the risk of secondary fires as a result of explosive breaching

A
  1. Never use unknown liquid to substitute water in your charge.
  2. Refrain from using flammable construction material
  3. Avoid intimate contact between a charge and flammable material
60
Q

Proper target analysis Will also assist the breacher in determining which ________ breaching tools are necessary in case of a failed breach, and/or to accomplish a complete breach

A

Backup

61
Q

What are the two main goals of target analysis

A
  1. Weaknesses.
  2. Exploit them.
62
Q

True or false:

Target analysis has very little to do with the process of charge selection

A

False

63
Q

Defined the term “ failed breach”

A

The result of an explosive breach, which did not achieve its intended breaching and/or mission objectives

64
Q

Detonating cord will fail to initiate if its explosive core becomes wet. To ensure detonation of wet detonation cords cut at least ___________ pass the exposed end

Immediately _______________ the cut end of the detonation cord, in order to seal the explosive in and keep moisture out

A
  • 6 inches
  • Duct Tape
65
Q

Proper target analysis will also assist the breachers in determining which __________ breaching tool/s are necessary in case of a failed breach and/or to accomplish a complete breach

A

Backup

66
Q

What are the 2 main goals of target analysis?

A
  • determine target weakness
  • exploit weakness with a charge
67
Q

True or false:

Target analysis has very little to do with the process of charge selection

A

False

68
Q

Define the term “failed breach”

A

An explosive breach which did not achieve its intended breaching and/or mission objective.

69
Q

Detonating cord will fail to initiate if it’s explosive cord becomes wet. To ensure detonation of wet, detonation cord, cut, at least __________ pass the exposed end.

Immediately ___________ the cut, and at the detonation cord, in order to seal the explosive in, and keep moisture out.

A

6 inches

Duct tape

70
Q

The most common cause of “ cut off” in debt cord

-___________
-___________

A
  • Sharp 90° bends
  • Overlapping
71
Q

Improper use of a blasting charge is highly likely to produce hazardous debris when blasted through which material/s?

A. Metals (especially light gauge)
B. Glass.
C. Solid wood.
D. Heavy wall construction: concrete, block, cinderblock, stone, etc.
E. All of the above.

A

E. All of the above.

72
Q

Which of the listed items can, when suitable, be used as a non-energetic exploding material?

A. Water
B. Polyethylene.
C. Rubber.
D all the above

A

D. All the above.

73
Q

True or false:

By “ tamping” an explosive, additional work can be obtained from it.

A

True

74
Q

True or false:

An explosive breacher should always tamp his/her explosive breaching charges in order to reduce the amount of explosives used

A

False

75
Q

Tamping a charge with rubber, polyethylene, or other solid materials will produce ________ ________ in the opposite direction of the target, and may result in serious injury to operators, citizens, and/or damage to property and the surrounding environment

A

Hazardous fragmentation

76
Q

Provide the full description of this 100 gr/ft strip charge. (target to be breached, explosives.)

A

100 gr/ft blasting strip charge

77
Q

Provide the full description of this 100 gr/ft strip charge (target to be breached, Pushing medium/polyethylene, explosives)

A

100 gr/ft polyethylene pushing strip charge

78
Q

Provide the full description of this 100 gr/ft strip charge (target to be breached, explosives, tamping medium/rubber)

A

100 gr/ft blasting strip charge tamped with rubber

79
Q

Provide the full description of this 100 gr/ft charge (target to be breached, pushing medium/rubber, explosives, tamping medium/polyethylene)

A

100 gr/ft rubber push strip charge tamped with polyethylene.

FETT USA- Tactical Explosive Breaching Certification (2 decks)

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