Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Linguistics > quiz 2 > Flashcards

quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

pragmatics

A

the study of how appropriate a meaning is in a given situation/context

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

semantics

A

linguistic study of meaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

polysemy

A

words that have the same forms and multiple related meanings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

homophony

A

different meanings but pronounced the same way (and may or may not have the same spelling)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

synonyms

A

words that are very closely related/have the same meaning in some or all contexts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

antonyms

A

two words with opposite meanings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

lexical ambiguity

A

at least one words in a phrase has more than one meaning (often based on homophony and polysemy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

phonetics

A

the study of the physical sounds of human speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

oral

A

air exits only from oral cavity, bilabial oral stop: buy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

nasal

A

air exits through oral and nasal cavities, bilabial nasal stop: my

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

voiceless

A

free flow of air, voiceless bilabial stop: pie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

voiced

A

vocal folds vibrate, voiced bilabial stop: buy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

consonants

A

sounds that obstruct air flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

vowels

A

sounds that don’t obstruct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

manner of articulation

A

the way the airstream is affected as it flows from the lungs and out the nose and mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

place of articulation

A

The point of maximum constriction is made by the coming together of the two lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

phonology

A

is the study the mental representation and organisation of those phonetic signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

phoneme

A

are the smallest linguistic units (building blocks) available to a language for combining into words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

allophone

A

are the linguistically non-significant variants of each phoneme. In other words a phoneme may be realised by more than one speech sound and the selection of each variant is usually conditioned by the phonetic environment of the phoneme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

complementary distribution

A

a situation in which sound variants never occur in the same phonetic environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

minimal pairs & contrast

A

pairs of words differing by only one sound in the same position in each word if the items of the pair have different meanings the two sounds are contrastive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

phonotactic constraints

A

rules concerning permissible phoneme combinations within a syllable are an example of language specific rules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

morpheme

A

the parts of the words that carry meaning-meaning bearing linguistic units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

content words

A

words that carry semantic content (e.g: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

function words

A

words taht specify grammatical relations rather than have semantic content (a, an, the, and, but, or)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

free morpheme

A

a part of a word that can be a word by itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

bound morpheme

A

a morpheme that cannot stand alone but rather must occur with another morpheme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

derivational morpheme

A

a morpheme that changes that changes the meaning and for grammatical category of a word (-ness, -ly, -er, -y)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

inflectional morpheme

A

a morpheme that alters the grammatical form of a word, without changing meaning (-s, -er (comparing), -ing, ed, ‘s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

affixation

A

creating a new derivation or inflection by adding affixes (bound morpheme) to a base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

reduplication

A

creating a new derivation or inflection by repeating all or part of an existing word

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

blending

A

creating a new word from parts of two (or more) existing words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

compoundings

A

creating a new word by combing two or more existing (free morphemes)

34
Q

clipping

A

creating anew word by shortening existing multi-syllable words

35
Q

backformation

A

creating a new word by removing an affix (real or misanalysed) from another in the language (editor (noun) > edit (verb))

36
Q

prefixes

A

affix before a base

37
Q

suffixes

A

affix after a base

38
Q

infixes

A

affix within a base

39
Q

circumfixes

A

affixes surrounding a base

40
Q

use varying degrees of affixation to form words including morphemes representing grammatical relationships, making word order less important

A

synthetic language

41
Q

analytic languages

A

use sequences of free morphemes as words (i.e. concepts are represented by separate words rather than affixes) which results in more dependence on word order to represent grammatical relationships

42
Q

the study of how appropriate a meaning is in a given situation/context

A

pragmatics

43
Q

linguistic study of meaning

A

semantics

44
Q

words that have the same forms and multiple related meanings

A

polysemy

45
Q

different meanings but pronounced the same way (and may or may not have the same spelling)

A

homophony

46
Q

words that are very closely related/have the same meaning in some or all contexts

A

synonyms

47
Q

two words with opposite meanings

A

antonyms

48
Q

at least one words in a phrase has more than one meaning (often based on homophony and polysemy

A

lexical ambiguity

49
Q

the study of the physical sounds of human speech

A

phonetics

50
Q

air exits only from oral cavity, bilabial oral stop: buy

A

oral

51
Q

air exits through oral and nasal cavities, bilabial nasal stop: my

A

nasal

52
Q

free flow of air, voiceless bilabial stop: pie

A

voiceless

53
Q

vocal folds vibrate, voiced bilabial stop: buy

A

voiced

54
Q

sounds that obstruct air flow

A

consonants

55
Q

sounds that don’t obstruct

A

vowels

56
Q

the way the airstream is affected as it flows from the lungs and out the nose and mouth

A

manner of articulation

57
Q

is a location along the vocal tract where the production of a consonant occurs

A

place of articulation

58
Q

is the study the mental representation and organisation of those phonetic signals

A

phonology

59
Q

are the smallest linguistic units (building blocks) available to a language for combining into words

A

phoneme

60
Q

any of the various phonetic realisations of a phoneme in a language, which do not contribute to distinctions of meaning

A

allophone

61
Q

a situation in which sound variants never occur in the same phonetic environment

A

complementary distribution

62
Q

pairs of words differing by only one sound in the same position in each word if the items of the pair have different meanings the two sounds are contrastive

A

minimal pairs & contrast

63
Q

rules concerning permissible phoneme combinations within a syllable are an example of language specific rules

A

phonotactic constraints

64
Q

the parts of the words that carry meaning-meaning bearing linguistic units

A

morpheme

65
Q

words that carry semantic content (e.g: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs)

A

content words

66
Q

words taht specify grammatical relations rather than have semantic content (a, an, the, and, but, or)

A

function words

67
Q

a part of a word that can be a word by itself

A

free morpheme

68
Q

a morpheme that cannot stand alone but rather must occur with another morpheme

A

bound morpheme

69
Q

a morpheme that changes that changes the meaning and for grammatical category of a word (-ness, -ly, -er, -y)

A

derivational morpheme

70
Q

a morpheme that alters the grammatical form of a word, without changing meaning (-s, -er (comparing), -ing, ed, ‘s)

A

inflectional morpheme

71
Q

creating a new derivation or inflection by adding affixes (bound morpheme) to a base

A

affixation

72
Q

creating a new derivation or inflection by repeating all or part of an existing word

A

reduplication

73
Q

creating a new word from parts of two (or more) existing words

A

blending

74
Q

creating a new word by combing two or more existing (free morphemes)

A

compoundings

75
Q

creating anew word by shortening existing multi-syllable words

A

clipping

76
Q

creating a new word by removing an affix (real or misanalysed) from another in the language (editor (noun) > edit (verb))

A

backformation

77
Q

affix before a base

A

prefixes

78
Q

affix after a base

A

suffixes

79
Q

affix within a base

A

infixes

80
Q

affixes surrounding a base

A

circumfixes

81
Q

use varying degrees of affixation to form words including morphemes representing grammatical relationships, making word order less important

A

synthetic language

82
Q

use sequences of free morphemes as words (i.e. concepts are represented by separate words rather than affixes) which results in more dependence on word order to represent grammatical relationships

A

analytic languages

Linguistics (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions