Quiz 2

Question 1

According to the video How Cells Become Specialized, what is special about stem cells inside a human blastocyst

Answer 1

Stem cells aren’t specialized so they can become any body cell.

Question 2

According to the video How Cells Become Specialized, how do transcription factors play a role in cell differentiation?

Answer 2

Proteins determine which area of code will be transcribed into mRNA that makes proteins that determine what a cell looks like and how it functions.

Question 3

According to the video How Cells Become Specialized, stem cells are not only found in embryos, which of these cells stated below can contain somatic stem cells as well?

Answer 3

Muscle and Skin Tissue

Question 4

According to the video How Cells Become Specialized, what does it mean if a cell is multipotent?

Answer 4

Its a stomatic stem cell that can become many types of body cells

Question 5

According to the video How Cells Become Specialized, what are pluripotent stem cells?

Answer 5

A cell that is able to develop into different types of cells or tissues in the body

Question 6

What does determination mean cellularly speaking?

Answer 6

a cell chooses a certain type of developmental pathway (goes from totipotent to specialized cell)

Question 7

How many differentiated cells does a human body have?

Answer 7

approximately 300

Question 8

How do cells initiate developmental changes?

Answer 8

use transcriptional factors to change patterns of gene expression

Question 9

Cells can become committed to follow a particular developmental path in one of two ways. Which statement explains one of these way?

Answer 9

Cytoplasmic determinants- have some determined instructions

Cell-Cell interactions- direct interactions between cells

Question 10

The ability to isolate and manipulate DNA revolutionized biotechnology. The construction of _______________ (a single-DNA molecule made from different genetic sources) began in the 1970s

Answer 10

Recombinant DNA

Question 11

What were the contributions of either Paul Berg or Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen to biotechnology discoveries?

Answer 11

Paul Berg- created the first recombinant DNA molecule (meant to cure diseases)

Boyer and Cohen- genes can be passed from generation to generation

Question 12

Early cloning experiments were some of the first to utilize new tools called restriction enzymes and endonucleases. Why are they important? (we discussed two reasons)

Answer 12

• Cut DNA into specific fragments
• the cutting ability can be applied to genome mapping