Quiz 2 Flashcards
Difference between 2 variables that has a relationship with one another.
Variation
A change in one variable affects the other variable.
Covariation
Based on morality; act of doing what is right.
Ethics
Sense of right and wrong of an individual.
Morality
Dos and don’ts of society.
Norms
6 ethical standard in Psychology.
Responsibility
Informed consent
Protection from harm
Freedom to withdraw
Debriefing
Confidentiality
6 ethical standard in Psychology.
Responsibility
Informed consent
Protection from harm
Freedom to withdraw
Debriefing
Confidentiality
Something a person could be held accountable for during an experiment.
Responsibility
Consent of the participants; they need to know what they’re agreeing to.
Informed consent
Participants are misled or wrongly informed about the aims of the research; problem that counters informed consent
Deception
Participants are misled or wrongly informed about the aims of the research.
Deception
Explaining everything that took place in the experiment to the client.
Debriefing
Data gained from the participants must be kept anonymous.
Confidentiality
Anything that is capable of changes.
Variable
Manipulated variable.
Independent Variable
2 types of IV.
Stimulus
Organismic
Type of IV that influences changes in the variable; any aspect in the environment.
Stimulus
Type of IV that can be found on the body
Organismic
Consistency of the result.
Reliability
Test measures what it tends to measure.
Validity
3 types of measure under the dependent variable.
Response measure
Growth measure
Delayed measure
Kinds of response measure.
Accuracy
Speed
Duration
Latency
Frequency
Rate; sometimes measured in frequency.
Accuracy
How long it takes to complete a response.
Duration
Delay; time that it takes to start a response; how long it takes to manifest a behavior.
Latency
How often; repitition.
Frequency
Anything that grows in an organism; measures variables that change with time.
Growth measures
There is a particular period of time before testing the behavior.
Delayed measure
2 types of research
Experimental research
Non-experimental research
Type of research that has a control & experimental variable.
Experimental research
Examples of Experimental research.
Confirmatory
Exploratory
Crucial
Pilot studies
Field studies
Is where researchers have a pretty good idea of what’s going on. That is, researcher has a theory (or several theories), and the objective is to find out if the theory is supported by the facts.
Confirmatory
Is done when the area or situation has not been studied before. It tries to answer the question: What will happen if I do this?
Exploratory research
Allegedly establishes the truth of one of a set of competing theories.
Crucial
Are small-scale, preliminary studies which aim to investigate whether crucial components of a main study – usually a randomized controlled trial (RCT) – will be feasible.
Pilot studies
Is a form of study that is made to discover relationships in the real social structure of everyday life.
Field studies
Example of non-experimental research.
Survey
Observational
Correlational
Archival
Quasi-experimental
Types of observational research.
Naturalistic
Unobtrusive
Obtrusive
Type of observational research where the participants aren’t aware of being observed.
Unobtrusive
Type of observational research where the participants are aware of being observed.
Obtrusive
Example of a non-experimental research that can’t be manipulated; finding the significant relationship between variables.
Correlational research
Seeking out and extracting from archive files.
Archival research
What does the Latin word “quasi” mean?
Almost/looks like/appears to be
The changing of behavior once the participants are aware of being observed.
Hawthorne effect
A quasi-experimental study examining how an independent variable, present prior to the study, affects a dependent variable.
Post facto study
Variable that confounds the experiment; contaminate/confuse the experiment.
Extraneous variable
Parametrics
Pearson r
Degree of freedom
Alpha level
A parameter that is used to determine the relationship between 2 variables.
Pearson r
A parameter where any value that will fall in it is considered accurate.
Degree of freedom
2 types of hypothesis testing.
1-tailed
2-tailed
Type of hypothesis testing that can either go up or down.
1-tailed
Type of hypothesis testing that can either go both ways.
2-tailed
A relationship where both variables increase or decrease together.
Direct relationship
A relationship where two variables in a data set are related such that when one is high the other is low.
Inverse relationship
Which one does not belong in the group?
a. A man running a distance of 100 meters within 15 secs.
b. A plant growing 6 cms. If exposed to sunlight 24 hrs a day
c. Soldiers hitting targets 9 out of ten shots
d. Students taking 8 seconds before starting to write their answers
B
The best topic for survey research is:
a. LGBTQ in the Philippines
b. Attitude towards the Police visibility
c. Relationships of sex workers
d. Leadership styles of Barangay chairpersons
B
Pearson r is suitable when:
a. two groups are being compared
b. finding if sex is related to mathematical ability
c. finding a connection between rural and urban cooking
d. finding at connection between fuel price and gross domestic product
D
All are studies that utilize organismic variable as independent variable, except:
a. Color of the skin and attractiveness rating
b. name and self-esteem
c. size of dogs and duration of barking
d. punching power in relation to calf muscle size
B
Quasi-experimental method is usually done due to the following conditions except:
a. when variables are products of natural occurrence
b. when variables are predetermined
c. when variables are usually observed naturally
d. when change in one variable influence the change in another
D
Which one does not belong in the group?
a. male and female attractiveness
b. attractiveness and parental looks
c. name and perceived self worth
d. IQ and parental income
A
Pilot studies are done for these reasons except:
a. economic
b. to see if a program will work on a smaller scale.
c. to test how one variable influences the other. d. for future full blown research
C
Feeding horses with an experimental feeds and measuring their speed is an example of this type of dependent variable.
a response measure
b. growth measure
c. delayed measure
d. stimulus measure
A
After computing for the relationship between length of sleep and the change in another attractiveness, the value of r= -.93 this means that:
a those who sleep longer are more attractive
b. those who sleep less are more attractive
c. the more you sleep the better you will look
d. when change in one variable influence
B
Archival research could be used in all topics except:
a Infant mortality rate for the last ten years.
b. Spanish colonialism in the Philippines
c. Effect of typhoons on personal lives of people for the last 10 yrs
d. Life, love and sins of previous presidents.
C
6 ways to control an extraneous variable.
Elimination
Balancing
Counterbalancing
Matching
Randomization
Constancy of condition
