Quiz 2

Question 1

What happens when the kidneys generate water?

Answer 1

The Urine becomes “Dilute”.

Question 2

What happens when the kidneys remove water from an Isosmotic fluid?

Answer 2

The Urine becomes “Concentrated”.

Question 3

What control whether Dilute Urine or Concentrated Urine is formed?

Answer 3

ADH.

Question 4

What can be used to Evaluate Kidney function?

Answer 4

Test such as:

Urinalysis, Blood Test, Renal Plasma Clearance.

Question 5

What does a blood test for Kidney function involve?

Answer 5

There is 2 main blood screenings that are used to determine the functions of the Kidneys:
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) & Plasma Creatine.

Question 6

What is Renal Plasma Clearance?

Answer 6

Testing to see how much effectively the kidneys are removing a given substance from blood plasma.

Question 7

What are things that influence Urine Volume?

Answer 7

Things such as:

Fluid intake, BP, Body temp, Diuretics, Mental health and general health.

Question 8

What percentages make up Urine?

Answer 8

95% is water and the other 5% is from Electrolytes, solutes and exogenous substances such as drugs.

Question 9

What is the test Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)?

Answer 9

This is measuring the blood nitrogen that is apart of the Urea resulting from catabolism and deamination of amino acids.

Question 10

What is the test Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)?

Answer 10

This is measuring the blood nitrogen that is apart of the Urea resulting from catabolism and deamination of amino acids.

Question 11

When would (BUN) rise steeply?

Answer 11

When glomerular Filtration rate decreases.

Question 12

How does the Plasma Creatine test work?

Answer 12

This test for the amount of Plasma Creatine that results from catabolism of creatine phosphate in skeletal mm.

Question 13

What Creatine level is an indication of poor Renal Function?

Answer 13

Anything above 1.5 mg/dL.

Question 14

What is “Renal Plasma Clearance”?

Answer 14

It is the volume of blood that is cleared of substance per unit of time.

Question 15

What does High Renal Plasma Clearance indicate?

Answer 15

Indicates Efficient Excretion of a substance in the Urine.

Low Clearance indicated inefficient excretion.

Question 16

What is the length of the Ureters?

Answer 16

25-30cm long, are thick walled, narrow tubes that vary in diameter from 1mm to 10mm along the course from the renal pelvis to the Urinary Bladder.

Question 17

What are the 3 layers that form the wall of the Ureters?

Answer 17

Deep “Mucosa” Intermediate “Muscularis” and superficial “Adventitia”.

Question 18

What is the average capacity of the Urinary bladder?

Answer 18

7-800 ml and is smaller in females.

Question 19

What is the “Micturition Reflex”?

Answer 19

When volume of Urine in the bladder exceeds 2-400 ml, pressure within the bladder increases and stretch receptors in its walls transmits impulses to the SC.
These signals transmit to the “Micturition centre” in the sacral SC and cause the Reflex to occur.

Question 20

What is “Micturition”?

Answer 20

This Discharge of Urine from the Urinary bladder.

Micturition occurs via a combination of voluntary and involuntary mm contractions.