Quiz 2

Question 1

5 Principles of the Canada Health Act + the Recent 6th

CHA (1984)

Answer 1

1. Public Administration: Provincial & territorial operate on nonprofit basis through public authority
2. Comprehensiveness: Covers medically necessary treatments
3. Universality: available to everyone regardless of beliefs, race, religion, etc
4. Portability: access to healthcare no matter where you are in Canada
5. Accessibility: Provide reasonable access
6. Sustainability

SAPCUP

Question 2

4 Pillars of Primary Health Care

Answer 2

1. Teams
2. Access
3. Information
4. Healthy Living

HAIT

Question 3

Medicare

Answer 3

• Funded by general taxation
• Interlocking set of 10 provincial and 3 territorial insurance schemes
• Prepaid access to medically necessary hospital and physician services for all citizens and permanent citizens

Question 4

Romanow Report

Answer 4

• Universal health care
• Defining principle of Canada
• Modernization of Canadian Health Care Act
  
  • New diagnostic service fund
  • Improve access in rural areas
  • Improve IT
  • Ensure quality
  • Strengthen & Expand home care

Question 5

Kirby Report

Answer 5

• More private sector involvement, reduce Medicare
• Increasing medical costs harms gov’t budget
• Shift hospital funding to service-based
• More responsibilities on health authorities
• Consumer model
• Reform public health care

Question 6

Role of Canada Health Act in making health care a right

Answer 6

• got rid of HIDSA and Medical Care Act
• Banned extra billing & user fees
• Essentially became a private health care system
  EXCLUDES:
  -RCMP
• Veterans
• Armed forces
• Federal inmates

Question 7

Federal Jurisdiction Responsibilities

Answer 7

• Set & Administer Cana Health Act principles
• Assist in financing provincial and territorial health care services through transfer payments in alignment with CHA principles
• Deliver/co-deliver health services for targeted groups
• Provide national policy to promote health & prevent disease

Question 8

Provincial & Territorial Responsibilities

Answer 8

• Develop & administer own health care insurance plan
• Manage, finance, and plan insurable health care services and delivery, in compliance with CHA principles
• Determine location of facilities
• Reimburse physician and hospital expenses and provide co-payment with users for rehabilitation and long-term care expenses

Question 9

Professional Jurisdiction

Answer 9

• Lots are self-regulating (nursing)

- Profession responsible for determining the standards, procedures, registration process, ethics, etc.

Question 10

Regional Health Authorities

Answer 10

• Appointed to elected representatives
• Provincially legislated
• Improve public participation
• Focus on prevention and health promotion
• Services tailored to local needs
• Streamline services

Question 11

BC Health Authorities (name the 5)

Answer 11

• Fraser Health
• Vancouver Coastal Health
• Vancouver Island Health
• Interior Health
• Northern Health

Question 12

Public Health

Answer 12

• Screening, assessment, developing, monitoring, public policy
• Focuses on populations
• Multidisciplinary approach
• Public Health Nurse Settings

Question 13

Primary Care

Answer 13

• Typically in physician offices
• Focus on treating specific diseases/illness
• Focus on individuals

Question 14

Community Health Care and Clinics

Answer 14

• Plan, manage, and deliver comprehensive services
• Designated geographic locations/ specific populations
• Focus on:
  
  • Primary health
  • Social, rehab, non-institutional
  • Prevention
  • Health promotion
  • Community development/partnerships

Question 15

Assisted Living

Answer 15

• Community based residential facilities
• Help clients live independently w/ assistance
• Meal prep, hygiene, mobility, socialization

Question 16

5 Levels of Health Care

Answer 16

1. Health promotion
2. Disease & injury prevention
3. Diagnosis & treatment
4. Rehabilitation
5. Supportive Care

Question 17

Primary, Secondary and Tertiary

Answer 17

Primary: Patient’s 1st contact w/ healthcare system

• occurs in physician offices
• can refer patient to further levels if necessary
• Function: early detection, routine care, education, basic emergency services, medical coordination/referrals, primary mental health care, palliative/end-of-life care, health promotion, healthy child development, primary maternity care, rehabilitation services

Secondary: Hospital, LTC or home

• Specialized medical services upon referral from a PCP
• Function: definitive diagnosis or clients requiring further diagnostic review

Tertiary: Regional, teaching, university, or specialized hospitals

• Sophisticated diagnostic equipment & capacity to perform complex procedures
• Diagnosing or treating complicated or unusual health problems

Question 18

CNA’s 5 Essential Principles of PHC

Answer 18

1. Accessibility
2. Active Public Participation
3. Health promotion & CDM and prevention
4. Use of appropriate technology and innovation
5. Intersectoral cooperation and collaboration

Question 19

According to the CNA, 4 reasons why Canada should adopt PHC

Answer 19

1. Current global recession
2. Consistent recommendations from a myriad of national commissions calling for
   health-system reform
3. Slipping performance relative to international comparisons on health and systems
   indicators
4. The aging of our population.

Question 20

Lalonde Report

Answer 20

• Defined health determinants as lifestyle, environment, human biology, and organization of health care
• Turning point in broadening Canadians’ attitudes about factors that contribute to health, along with the role of government in promoting health
• Lifestyle received the most attention as a determinant b/c they contribute to chronic disease & injuries (biggest cause of morbidity & mortality in CAD)
• Other reports followed such as:
  • The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (1986)
  • Achieving Health for All: A Framework for Health
  Promotion – the “Epp report” (1986)
  • Jakarta Declaration on Health Promotion into the
  21st Century (1997)
  • Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a
  Globalized World (2005)
  • Toronto Charter on the Social Determinants of
  Health (2009)