Quiz

Question 1

What is the study of meaning?

Answer 1

Semantics

Question 2

What is meaning based on associations a word evokes?

Answer 2

Connotation

Question 3

What is meaning as the entity a word refers to?

Answer 3

Denotation

Question 4

What are the two components of meaning in semantics?

Answer 4

Extension and Intension

Question 5

What states that meaning is the sum of word meanings plus their structure?

Answer 5

The Principle of Compositionality

Question 6

What is the relationship between words that have similar meanings?

Answer 6

Synonymy

Question 7

What is the relationship between words that have opposite meanings?

Answer 7

Antonymy

Question 8

What is it called when a word has two or more related meanings?

Answer 8

Polysemy

Question 9

What is it called when a word has two completely unrelated meanings?

Answer 9

Homophony

Question 10

What do you call sentences that have the same truth conditions?

Answer 10

Paraphrase

Question 11

What is it called when one sentence must be true for the other to be true?

Answer 11

Mutual entailment

Question 12

What is it called when one sentence being true makes the other false?

Answer 12

Contradiction

Question 13

Who coined the term ‘semantics’?

Answer 13

Michel Bréal

Question 14

What is the study of signs, both linguistic and non-linguistic?

Answer 14

Semiotics

Question 15

What is the study of word meaning?

Answer 15

Lexical semantics

Question 16

What is the study of sentence meaning?

Answer 16

Phrasal semantics

Question 17

What is meaning based on context rather than just the literal sentence?

Answer 17

Utterance meaning

Question 18

What distinguishes the study of sentence meaning from meaning in context?

Answer 18

The difference between semantics and pragmatics

Question 19

What is it called when a word or sentence has multiple meanings?

Answer 19

Ambiguity

Question 20

What is it called when a single word has multiple possible meanings?

Answer 20

Lexical ambiguity

Question 21

What is it called when the structure of a sentence creates multiple meanings?

Answer 21

Structural ambiguity

Question 22

What is the relationship where the truth of one sentence guarantees the truth of another?

Answer 22

Entailment

Question 23

What is it called when one sentence being true implies another, but not vice versa?

Answer 23

Asymmetrical entailment

Question 24

What is the literal meaning of a sentence, independent of context?

Answer 24

Sentence meaning

Question 25

What is the meaning of a sentence based on its specific use in context?

Answer 25

Utterance meaning

Question 26

What is the study of language use and meaning in context?

Answer 26

Pragmatics

Question 27

Who is considered the founder of modern linguistics?

Answer 27

Ferdinand de Saussure

Question 28

Who was an American philosopher and key contributor to semiotics?

Answer 28

Charles Sanders Peirce

Question 29

What are the two terms used for the general study of signs?

Answer 29

Semiotics and Semiology

Question 30

What is the classification of signs into man-made symbols and naturally occurring indicators?

Answer 30

Signs can be artificial or natural

Question 31

What are the two types of meaning distinguished in semantics?

Answer 31

Literal and non-literal meaning

Question 32

What does the Principle of Compositionality state?

Answer 32

The meaning of speech comes from individual words and their structure

Question 33

What are the three elements involved in meaning according to semantics?

Answer 33

Language, the world, and our minds

Question 34

Why do we speak or write according to semantics?

Answer 34

We practically always speak or write in order to express a meaning of one kind or another.

Question 35

What did the Greek word 'sēmeion' originally refer to?

Answer 35

Signs in Ancient Greece

Question 36

What is closely related to the broader study of signs in semiotics?

Answer 36

The study of linguistic signs