Quiz

Question 1

According to ____disaster is any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life….

Answer 1

WHO

Question 2

Dus + Aster =

Answer 2

Bad star

Question 3

is a “Phenomena that pose a threat to people, structures, humans and their environment, as serious sudden event on such or economic assets and which may cause a disaster. ” (UN ISDR scale that the stricken community needs and extraordinary efforts to cope

Answer 3

Hazards

Question 4

the combination of all the strengths and resources available within a community, society or organization that can reduce

Answer 4

Capacity

Question 5

the adaptation of professional nursing knowledge, skills and attitude in recognizing and meeting the nursing, health and emotional needs of disaster victims.”

Answer 5

Disaster Nursing

Question 6

The actual place of disaster

Answer 6

IMPACT AREA

Question 7

The periphery surrounding the impact area

Answer 7

Filter area

Question 8

Nearby provinces /areas which are used as evacuation area

Answer 8

Community aid

Question 9

1.Rapid assessment of the situation and of nursing care needs.
2.Triage and initiation of life-saving measures first.
3.The selected use of essential nursing interventions and the elimination of nonessential nursing activities.
4.Adaptation of necessary nursing skills to disaster and other emergency situations. The nurse must use imagination and resourcefulness in dealing with a lack of supplies, equipment, and personnel.
5.Evaluation of the environment and the mitigation or removal of any health hazards.
6.Prevention of further injury or illness.
7.Leadership in coordinating patient triage, care, and transport during times of crisis.
8.The teaching, supervision, and utilization of auxiliary medical personnel and volunteers.
9.Provision of understanding, compassion, and emotional support to all victims and their families.

Answer 9

Principles of disaster

Question 10

To ensure the highest achievable level of care is delivered through identifying, advocating, and caring for all impacted populations throughout all phases of a disaster event, including active participation in all levels of disaster planning and preparedness
1. To meet the immediate basic survival needs of populations affected by disasters.
2. To identify the potential fa,- a secondary disaster.
3. To appraise both risks and resources in the environment.
4. To correct inequalities in access to health care or appropriate resources.
5. To empower survivors to participate in and advocate for their own health and well-being.
6. To respect cultural, lingual, and religious diversity in individuals and families and to apply this principle in all health promotion activities.
7. To promote the highest achievable quality of life for survivors.

Answer 10

Goal of disaster Nursing

Question 11

A serious disruption triggered by a natural hazard, causing human, material, economic or environmental losses, which exceed the ability of those affected to cope.

Answer 11

NATURAL DISASTER

Question 12

A result of an ecological disruption or threat that exceeds the adjustment capacity of the affected community (Lechat, 1979)

Answer 12

NATURAL DISASTER

Question 13

Natural earth processes or phenomena that include processes of endogenous origin or tectonic. A hazard originating from solid earth

Answer 13

GEOPHYSICAL

Question 14

○ Earthquakes

Answer 14

GEOPHYSICAL

Question 15

Landslides

Answer 15

GEOPHYSICAL

Question 16

○ Volcanic activity

Answer 16

GEOPHYSICAL

Question 17

Natural processes or phenomena of atmospheric hydrological or oceanographic nature. Caused by the occurrence, movement and distribution of water on earth

Answer 17

Hydrological

Question 18

Floods

Answer 18

Hydrological

Question 19

Tsunami

Answer 19

Hydrological

Question 20

relating to the climate:
*drought
*wild fires

Answer 20

Climatological

Question 21

: relating to weather conditions:
Cyclone
Storm

Answer 21

Meteorological

Question 22

Processes of organic organs or those conveyed by biological vectors, including exposure to pathogenic, microorganism, toxins and bioactive substances. Caused by exposure to living organisms and their toxic substances or diseases they may carry

Answer 22

Biological

Question 23

Epidemics/Pandemic Diseases

Answer 23

Biological

Question 24

○ Insect/Animal Plagues

Answer 24

BIOLOGICAL

Question 25

Are those in which the principal direct causes are identifiable human actions, deliberate or otherwise (Noji,1996)

Answer 25

Man -Made Disaster

Question 26

Types of Man-Made Disaster: Involves situations where population suffer significant casualties as a result of a
certain disaster

Answer 26

Complex Emergencies

Question 27

Types of Man-Made Disaster:Associated with technological or industrial accidents, infrastructure failures or certain human activities which may cause the loss of life or injury, property damage, social or economic disruption or environmental degradation. Resulted in accidents or unexpected and uncontrolled release of hazardous and explosive materials that can lead to certain disaster

Answer 27

Technological Disasters:

Question 28

(fire, collapse, and explosion)

Answer 28

Miscellaneous accidents

Question 29

(chemical spill, collapse, explosion, fire, gas leak, poisoning,
radiation)

Answer 29

Industrial

Question 30

air, rail, road and wate

Answer 30

TRANSPORT

Question 31

Types of Man-Made Disaster:Processes induced by human behaviors and activities that damage the natural resources base on adversely alter nature processes or ecosystem.

Answer 31

Environmental Degradation

Question 32

one triggered by a hazardous event that emerges quickly or unexpectedly. They all take lives, separate families and devastate communities. When they hit, local healthcare services can be overwhelmed and so governments will put the call out for emergency medical assistance.

Answer 32

Sudden Onset Disaster

Question 33

one that emerges gradually overtime. It can be predicted much further in advance and unfold over months or even years.

Answer 33

Slow Onset Disaster

Question 34

● Is the body of policy and administrative decisions and operational activities which pertains to the various stages of a disaster at all levels.

Answer 34

Disaster Management

Question 35

● Goals of Disaster Management

Answer 35

Safety & Sustainability

Question 36

Before a disaster to reduce the potential for human, material or environmental losses caused by hazards and to ensure that these losses are minimized when the disaster actually strikes.

Answer 36

Pre – Disaster

Question 37

It is to ensure that the needs and provisions of victims are met to alleviate and minimize suffering.

Answer 37

. During Disaster:

Question 38

: After a disaster to achieve rapid and durable recovery which does not reproduce the original vulnerable conditions

Answer 38

. Post Disaster:

Question 39

Reducing the risk of disasters involves activities, which either reduce or modify the scale and intensity of the threat faced or by improving the conditions of elements at risk.

Answer 39

Prevention and Mitigation

Question 40

embrace the wide diversity of measures to protect persons and property its use is not recommended since it is misleading in its implicit suggestion that natural disasters are preventable.

Answer 40

Prevention

Question 41

to describe protective or preventive actions that lessen the scale of impact is therefore preferred.

Answer 41

reduction

Question 42

embraces all measures taken to reduce both the effects of the hazard itself and the vulnerable conditions to it in order to reduce the scale of a future disaster

Answer 42

Mitigation

Question 43

The process embraces measures that enables governments, communities and individuals to respond rapidly to disaster situations to cope with them effectively.

Answer 43

Preparedness

Question 44

formulation of viable emergency plans, the development of warning systems, the maintenance of inventories, public awareness and education and the training of personnel. It may also embrace search and rescue measures as well as evacuation plans for areas that may be „at risk‟ from a recurring disaster

Answer 44

Preparedness

Question 45

the process of monitoring the situation in communities or areas known to be vulnerable to slow onset hazards, and passing the knowledge of the pending hazard to people in harm‟s way.

Answer 45

Early Warning

Question 46

real-time event of a hazard occurring and affecting elements at risk. The duration of the event will depend on the type of threat; ground shaking may only occur in a matter of seconds during an earthquake while flooding may take place over a longer sustained period.

Answer 46

The Disaster Impact

Question 47

refers to the first stage response to any calamity, which include for examples such as setting up control rooms, putting the contingency plan in action, issue warning, action for evacuation, taking people to safer areas, rendering medical aid to the needy etc., simultaneously rendering relief to the homeless, food, drinking water, clothing etc. to the needy, restoration of communication, disbursement of assistance in cash or kind.

Answer 47

During Disaster Phase
Response

Question 48

actual implementation of the disaster plan Response is putting preparedness plans into action.

Answer 48

Response

Question 49

used to describe the activities that encompass the three overlapping phases of emergency relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction.:

Answer 49

Recovery:

Question 50

used to describe the activities that encompass the three overlapping phases of emergency relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction.

Answer 50

Recovery

Question 51

The actions taken to return to normal following an event.

Answer 51

Recovery

Question 52

provision of temporary public utilities and housing as interim measures to assist long-term recovery.

Answer 52

Rehabilitation

Question 53

attempts to return communities to improved pre-disaster functioning. It includes such as the replacement of buildings; infrastructure and lifeline facilities so that long-term development prospects are enhanced rather than reproducing the same conditions, which made an area or population vulnerable in the first place.

Answer 53

Reconstruction

Question 54

In an evolving economy, the development process is an ongoing activity. Long term prevention/disaster reduction measures for examples like construction of embankments against flooding, irrigation facilities as drought proofing measures, increasing plant cover to reduce the occurrences of landslides, land use planning, construction of houses capable of withstanding the onslaught of heavy rain/wind speed and shocks of earthquakes are some of the activities that can be taken up as part of the development plan.

Answer 54

Development

Question 55

(1) Participates in community education activities related to disaster preparedness.
(2) Assesses the community to determine pre-existing health issues, prevalence of disease, chronic illness and disability and the health care resources in the community.
(3) Partners with others to implement measures that will reduce risks related to person-to-person transmission of disease, sanitation and foodborne illness.
(4) Participates in planning to meet the health care needs of the community such as, mass immunization and medication administration programmes.
(5) Works with the community to strengthen the health care system’s ability to respond to and recover from a disaster.

Answer 55

Health Promotion

Question 56

1) Demonstrates an understanding of relevant disaster terminology. (2) Describes the phases of disaster management continuum: prevention/mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery/rehabilitation.
(3) Describes the role of government and organizations in disaster planning and response.
(4) Understands the community disaster plan and how it relates to the national and international response plans.
(5) Recognizes the disaster plan in the workplace and one’s role in the workplace at the time of a disaster.
(6) Participates in disaster planning and policy development.
(7) Contributes to the development, evaluation and modification of the community disaster plan.
(8) Ensures that the needs of vulnerable populations are included in the community disaster plan (including children, women, pregnant women, individuals with mental or physical disabilities, older people and other vulnerable persons/households).
(9) Interprets role(s) of nurses in relation to other members of the team.
(10) Participates politically and legislatively in the development of policies related to disaster preparedness and response.
(11) Describes the role of public health in disaster and how it relates to the nurse’s role.

Answer 56

Policy Development and Planning

Question 57

(1) Collaborates with others to identify and address ethical challenges.
(2) Applies the national approved ethical framework to support decision-making and prioritizing.
(3) Protects the rights, values and dignity of individuals and communities.
(4) Practices in accordance with the cultural, social and spiritual beliefs of individuals and communities.
(5) Maintains confidentiality in communication and documentation.
(6) Understands one’s own personal beliefs and how those beliefs impact on disaster response.
(7) Describes how security issues and ethics may confli

Answer 57

Ethical Practice

Question 58

(1) Practises in accordance with local, state, national and international applicable laws.
(2) Understands how laws and regulations specific to disaster impact on nursing practices and disaster survivors.
(3) Recognizes the legal role of public health to protect the community in a disaster.
(4) Understands the legal implications of disasters and emergency events (e.g. security, maintaining evidence, confidentiality).
(5) Describes the legal and regulatory issues related to issues such as:
● working as a volunteer;
● roles and responsibilities of volunteers;
● abandonment of patients;
● adaptation of standards of care; ● role and responsibility to an employer; and ● delegation.

Answer 58

Legal Practice

Question 59

(1) Accepts accountability and responsibility for one’s own actions.
(2) Delegates to others in accordance with professional practice, applicable laws and regulations and the disaster situation.
(3) Identifies the limits of one’s own knowledge, skills and abilities in disaster and practises in accordance with them.
(4) Practises in accordance with the laws and regulations governing nurses and nursing practice.
(5) Advocates for the provision of safe and appropriate care.

Answer 59

Accountability

Question 60

(1) Describes the chain of command and the nurse’s role within the system.
(2) Communicates in a manner that reflects sensitivity to the diversity of the population.
(3) Describes the principles of crisis communication in crisis intervention and risk management.
(4) Identifies and communicates important information immediately to appropriate authorities.
(5) Utilizes a variety of communication tools to reduce language barriers.
(6) Coordinates information with other members of the disaster response team.
(7) Provides up-to-date information to the disaster response team regarding the health care issues and resource needs.
(8) Works with the disaster response team to determine the nurse’s role in working with the media and others interested in the disaster.
(9) Understands the process of health information management in a disaster.
(10) Demonstrates an ability to use specialized communication equipment.
(11) Maintains records and documentation and provides reports as required.
(12) Communicates identified or suspected health and/or environment risks to appropriate authorities (i.e. Public Health).

Answer 60

Communication and Information Sharing

Question 61

(1) Maintains knowledge in areas relevant to disaster and disaster nursing.
(2) Participates in drills in the workplace and community.
(3) Seeks to acquire new knowledge and maintain expertise in disaster nursing.
(4) Facilitates research in disaster.
(5) Evaluates the need for additional training and obtains required training.
(6) Develops and maintains a personal and family preparedness plan.
(7) Describes the nurse’s role in various disaster assignments (e.g. shelters, emergency care sites, temporary health care settings, disaster coordination and management units).
(8) Maintains a personal disaster/emergency kit (e.g. identification card, appropriate clothing, insect repellent, water bottle) in the event of deployment to a disaster.
(9) Implements preparedness activities as part of a multidisciplinary team.
(10) Assists in developing systems to address nursing and health care personnel capacity-building for disaster response.
(11) Takes on a leadership role in the development and implementation of training programmes for nurses and other health care providers.
(12) Evaluates community readiness and takes actions to increase readiness where needed.

Answer 61

Education and Preparedness

Question 62

(1) Describes the phases of community response to disaster and the implications for nursing interventions.
(2) Collects data regarding injuries and illnesses as required.
(3) Evaluates health needs and available resources in the disaster-affected area to meet basic needs of the population.
(4) Collaborates with the disaster response team to reduce hazards and risks in the disaster-affected area.
(5) Understands how to prioritize care and manage multiple situations.
(6) Participates in preventive strategies such as mass immunization activities.
(7) Collaborates with relief organizations to address basic needs of the community (e.g. shelter, food, water, health care).
(8) Provides community-based education regarding health implications of the disaster.
(9) Evaluates the impact of nursing interventions on different populations and cultures and uses evaluation results to make evidence-based decisions.
(10) Manages resources and supplies required to provide care in the community.
(11) Effectively participates as part of a multidisciplinary team.

Answer 62

Care of Communities

Question 63

(1) Performs a rapid assessment of the disaster situation and nursing care needs.
(2) Conducts a health history and age appropriate assessment that includes physical and psychological responses to the disaster.
(3) Recognizes symptoms of communicable disease and takes measures to reduce exposure to survivors.
(4) Describes the signs and symptoms of exposure to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosive agents.
(5) Identifies unusual patterns or clustering of illnesses and injuries that may indicate exposure to biological or other substances related to the disaster.
(6) Determines need for decontamination, isolation or quarantine and takes appropriate action.
(7) Recognizes health and mental health needs of responders and makes appropriate referrals.

Answer 63

Care of Individuals and Families
Assessment

Question 64

(1) Implements appropriate nursing interventions including emergency and trauma care in accordance with accepted scientific principles.
(2) Applies critical, flexible and creative thinking to create solutions in providing nursing care to meet the identified and anticipated patient care needs resulting from the disaster.
(3) Applies accepted triage principles when establishing care based on the disaster situation and available resources.
(4) Adapts standards of nursing practice, as required, based on resources available and patient care needs. (5) Creates a safe patient care environment.
(6) Prepares patients for transport and provides for patient safety during transport.
(7) Demonstrates safe administration of medication, vaccines and immunizations.
(8) Implements principles of infection control to prevent the spread of disease.
(9) Evaluates outcomes of nursing actions and revises care as required.
(10) Provides care in a non-judgmental manner.
(11) Maintains personal safety and the safety of others at the scene of a disaster
(12) Documents care in accordance with disaster procedures.
(13) Provides care in a manner that reflects the cultural, social, spiritual and diverse background of the individual.
(14) Manages the care of the deceased in a manner that respects the cultural, social and spiritual beliefs of the population as the situation permits.
(15) Manages health care activities provided by others.
(16) Works with appropriate individuals and agencies to assist survivors in reconnecting with family members and loved ones.
(17) Advocates for survivors and responders to assure access to care.
(18) Refers survivors to other groups or agencies as needed.

Answer 64

Care of Individuals and Families
Implementation

Question 65

(1) Describes the phases of psychological response to disaster and expected behavioural responses.
(2) Understands the psychological impact of disasters on adults, children, families, vulnerable populations and communities.
(3) Provides appropriate psychological support for survivors and responders.
(4) Uses therapeutic relationships effectively in a disaster situation.
(5) Identifies an individual’s behavioural responses to the disaster and provides appropriate interventions as required (e.g. psychological first aid).
(6) Differentiates between adaptive responses to the disaster and maladaptive responses.
(7) Applies appropriate mental health interventions and initiates referrals as required.
(8) Identifies appropriate coping strategies for survivors, families and responders.
(9) Identifies survivors and responders requiring additional mental health nursing support and refers to appropriate resources.

Answer 65

Psychological Care

Question 66

Describes vulnerable populations at risk as a result of a disaster (e.g. older persons, pregnant women, children, and individuals with a disability or chronic conditions requiring continued care) and identifies implications for nursing, including:
(a) physical and psychological responses to the disaster of vulnerable populations; and
(b) unique needs and high risks of vulnerable populations associated with the disaster.
(2) Creates living environments that allow vulnerable populations to function as independently as possible.
(3) Advocates for the needs of the vulnerable populations.
(4) Identifies available resources, makes appropriate referrals and collaborates with organizations serving vulnerable populations in meeting resource needs.
(5) Implements nursing care that reflects the needs of vulnerable populations impacted by a disaster.
(6) Consults with members of the health care team to assure
continued care in meeting special care needs.

Answer 66

Care of Vulnerable Populations (Special Needs Populations)

Question 67

Long- Term Individual, Family and Community Recovery

Answer 67

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Question 68

(1) Develops plans to meet short- and long-term physical and psychological nursing needs of survivors.
(2) Identifies the changing needs of survivors and revises plan of care as required.
(3) Refers survivors with additional needs to appropriate organizations or specialists.
(4) Teaches survivors strategies for prevention of disease and injury.
(5) Assists local health care facilities in recovery.
(6) Collaborates with the existing health care community for health maintenance and health care.
(7) Serves as an advocate for survivors in meeting long-term needs.

Answer 68

Individual and Family Recovery

Question 69

(1) Collects data related to the disaster response for evaluation.
(2) Evaluates nursing response and practices during the disaster and collaborates with nursing organizations to resolve issues and improve response.
(3) Participates in analysis of data focusing on improvement of response.
(5) Assists the community in transitioning from the response phase of the disaster/emergency through recovery and rehabilitation to normal functions.
(6) Shares information about referral sources and resources used in the disaster.
(7) Assists in developing recovery strategies that improve the quality of life for the community.
(8) Collaborates with appropriate groups and agencies to re-establish health care services within the community.

Answer 69

Community Recovery