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Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

Symbiotic relationship in which crustaceans, fish, and birds as cleaners for a variety of vertebrates.

A

Cleaning symbiosis

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2
Q

Species diversity: 2 factors considered-

A
  1. The relative abundance of each species
  2. Listing of all species in a community
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3
Q

Producers are the only…

A

Autotrophs

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4
Q

Energy can’t be created or destroyed but it can be changed from one form to another.

A

1st law of thermodynamics

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5
Q

Energy can’t be changed from one form to another without a loss of usable energy

A

2nd law of thermodynamics

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6
Q

the movement of the earths crust by plate tectonics that results in movement of the major land masses

A

Continental drift

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7
Q

3 greenhouse gasses

A

Methane, nitrous oxide, Carbon dioxide

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8
Q

What can plants use as sources of nitrogen?

A

Nitrates, ammonium

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9
Q

J symbiotic relationship in which one species is benefited, and of the other is neither harmed nor benefited

A

Commensalism

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10
Q

Symbiotic relationship in which both members benefit

A

Mutualism

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11
Q

Symbiotic relationship in which one species (parasite) benefits to the detriment of the other species (host)

A

Parasitism

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12
Q

Water cycle is also called

A

Hydrological cycle

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13
Q

Vitrification can occur in 2 ways:

A
  1. Nitrogen gas is converted to nitrogen
  2. Ammonium is converted to nitrite
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14
Q

Process where nitrogen gas is converted to ammonium

A

Nitrogen fixation

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15
Q

Conversion of nitrate back to nitrogen gas

A

Denitrification

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16
Q

A community is a collection of different:

A

Populations of different species

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17
Q

What trait will most likely enable one species to exclude another from a shared habitat

A

Higher biotic potential

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18
Q

During character displacement the traits of species tend to become

A

More divergent

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19
Q

Visual prey defense that shows that a prey organism is potentially dangerous is called

A

Warning coloration

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20
Q

A collection of populations of different species interacting with one another in the same environment

A

Community

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21
Q

Plant that lives on other plants but takes its minerals and water from the air

A

Epiphyte

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22
Q

When 2 species evolve in response to selective pressures imposed by the other species

A

Coevolution

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23
Q

The change within a community involving a series of species replacements

A

Ecological succession

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24
Q

The formation of soil from exposed rock due to wind, water, and other abiotic factors

A

Primary succession

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25
Q

Occurs in areas where there’s no base soil.

A

Secondary succession

26
Q

It’s circulating halfway for elements that includes living and nonliving components 

A

Biogeochemical cycle

27
Q

Gaseous blogeochemical cycles

A

Carbon, nitrogen

28
Q

During the process of ecological succession what plant characteristics become more common over time as succession proceeds

A

Larger size
Longer lived

29
Q

Species richness is the composition of species within a

A

Community

30
Q

The mechanism that increases the number of niches by sharing resources between species

A

Resource partitioning

31
Q

Characteristics of a temperate deciduous forest:

A

Relatively high rainfall
Moderate climate

32
Q

Summers are dry, winters are wet

A

Shrubland

33
Q

Area covered by water at some point in the year

A

Wetland

34
Q

Soft wetland that’s treeless and continuously covered in water rushes, reeds, or grasses

A

Marsh

35
Q

Wet, spongy land that’s saturated and sometimes partially covered with water. Dominated by woody plants or shrubs

A

Swamp

36
Q

Wet, spongy ground in a lower low-lying area, usually acidic and low in organic nutrients. Nutrient poor

A

Bogs

37
Q

Portion of the ocean where fresh water and salt water meet and mix.
Exempts: mudflats, mangrove swamps, rocky shores)

A

Estuary

38
Q

Locations where coniferous forests are found

A

Near mountain tops
Northwest coastal US
The taiga

39
Q

Open portion of the ocean that contains the majority of the ocean volume

A

Pelagic zone

40
Q

Region along a coastline where t tide recedes and returns

A

Intertidal zone

41
Q

Lacks the inorganic nutrients of shallow waters, which means it doesn’t have a high concentration of phytoplankton as the shallow area

A

Epipelagic zone

42
Q

Organisms in the epipelagic zone

A

Zooplankton, phytoplankton, whales

43
Q

What substance is formed at the hydrothermal vents

A

Hydrogen sulfide

44
Q

Contributions to the relatively low nutrient content of tropical rain forest soil

A

High amount of herbivory
Small amount of leaf litter reaching forest floor

45
Q

Occur in regions where a relatively cool dry season is followed by a hot rainy season

A

Savanna’s

46
Q

Weather of coniferous forests

A

Cold, snowy winters
Humid summers

47
Q

The climate in India and southern Asia that’s caused by wet ocean winds that blow onshore for almost half a year

A

Monsoon

48
Q

Plants that are shorter than trees and adapted to with standard conditions

A

Shrubs

49
Q

Major terrestrial ecosystem that’s characterized by climate and geography

A

Biome

50
Q

Coniferous forest located at the top of a mountain

A

Montane coniferous forest

51
Q

Woody, persistent stems
Leaves coated with a waxy material
Thick underground roots

A

Features of shrubs

52
Q

Biome that lacks an understory and ground litter and is highly flammable

A

Chaparral

53
Q

Biodiversity indirectly affects humans through

A

Orientation prevention and soil erosion

54
Q

Most to least amount of impact of species extinction

A

Habitat loss
Exotic species
Pollution
Overexploitation
Disease

55
Q

Most concerning habitat loss

A

Rainforests and coral reefs

56
Q

1st principle of restoration ecology

A

It should begin asap

57
Q

3 functions of the biogeochemical cycles

A

Production of fresh water
Uptake of soil nitrogen
Removal of Carbon dioxide from the air

58
Q

Mimic natural process to bring about restoration

A

2nd principle of restoration ecology

59
Q

Goal is sustainable development

A

3rd principle of restoration ecology

60
Q

Sources of nutrients that contribute to eutrophication

A

Wastewater
Agricultural runoff

61
Q

Ecologists would describe biodiversity as a combo of what levels of biological organization

A

Genetic diversity
Community diversity
Landscape diversity

General Biology (2 decks)

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