Quiz Flashcards
What are Abiotic Factors?
Temperature
Light
water
Nutrients
What are biotic factors?
Living components
animals
plants
Tropical rainforest
near the equator
Abiotic
-very wet
-always warm
Biotic
-Many plants and animals, thin soil
Savanna
Abiotic
-Seasonal dry and wet season
-always warm
Biotic
-Fire adapted, drought tolerant plants, herbivores and fertile soil(dead animal/plant
Desert
Abiotic
None
-Variable daily and seasonally hot, and cold
Biotic
-Sparse vegetation and animals, drought-tolerant, reptiles, insects, rodents and birds
Temperate Grassland
Abiotic
-Seasonal dry and seasonal wet
-cold winter/hot summers
+Drought tolerant, fire-adapted, herbivores, deep fertile soil
Temperate Deciduos Forest
Abiotic
-Adequate, summer rains, and winter snow
-Moderate warm and summer cool winter
Biotic
-Many mammals, insects, birds,fertile soils
Coniferous forest (taiga)
-Abiotic
-dry
-Cool year round
Biotic
-DIverse mammals
Arctic tundra/alpine tundra
Abiotic
-cold year-round
-dry
Biotic
migrating animals, permafrost,mosses,grasses
What is competitive exclusion?
No two similar species can occupy the same niche at the same time
For example lions and tigers
What is behavior?
Everything an animal does and how it does it
What is Innate?
It is inherited, automatic consistent
-unchangeable
What are learned behaviors?
The animal behavior develops during animal’s lifetime
Variable and flexible -changeable
What are proximate causes?
Immediate stimulus and mechanisms
How a behavior occurs
What are the ultimate causes?
How does behavior contribute to survival and reproduction
why a behavior occurs
Why question?
What are Fixed Action Patterns?
Sequence of behaviors that are unchangeable and when conducted to completion once started
Sign stimulus
for example: a male fish will attack anything that has an red belly
What is taxis?
Change in direction
automatic movement towards and away
What is kinesis?
Change in rate of movement in response to stimulus
For example: When you pick up a rock the insects scurry around
What is a critical period?
The sensitive phase for optimal imprinting
Behaviors that must be learned
Babies need comfort, interaction, commutation between humans
What is Associative Learning?
Learning to associate a stimulus with a consequence
For example, You eat something and end up getting sick therefore, you will no longer want to try out that certain food
What is operant conditioning?
Trail and error learning
Learning what to eat
What is imprinting
The establishment of long-lasting behavioral response ot an particular individual
What is Altrustic Behavior?
Reduces individual fitness but increases fitness of recipient
List examples of factors that limit geographic distribution.
List factors that are significant to organism distribution and abundance
Temperature, moisture, nutrients, light
Oxygen content, temperature, ph,, nutrients
What is loss of response to stimulus?
decrease in response to repeated occurrences of stimulus
-First night living by a train nad then waking up but later on you get use to and sleep through the night
what is Classical Conditioning
Connect reflex behavior
For example, the bell rings and the dog initiates that it is time for food
Communication Behavior?
For example, Bird song and Insect song
-mating, ritual, innate genetically controlled
Agonistic behaviors
threatening and submissive rituals
Territotarlity, competior agression
Dominance hierarchy
Social ranking within a group
leader of the park
Cooperation
Working together in coordination
Kin selection
Increasing survival of close relatives passes these genes on to the next generation
Pheromones
Chemical signal that stimulates a response from individuals
Animals that communicate through odors or taste
-example- alarm and sex
An elephant uses sounds to alert them that there is a threat and they flee the area
What is an ecosystem?
A community of an organism in an area and the physical factor with which those organisms react
