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NEONATAL > QUIZ > Flashcards

QUIZ Flashcards

1
Q

is a gradual and progressive process and at birth the lngs have only reached the basic functioning to support extrauterine life.

A

Fetal Lung developmemt

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2
Q

the alveoli develop in increasing number until what age?

A

8 years

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3
Q

a full term infant has estimated how many alveoli?

A

50 million alveoli to 250 million

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4
Q

Day 26-52

A

embryonal(trachea,major bronchi)

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5
Q

day 52 to week 16

A

pseudoglandular(remaining conducting airway

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6
Q

week 17- week 26

A

canalicular( vascular bed, framework of respiratory acini

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7
Q

week 26- week 36

A

saccular( increased complexity of saccules

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8
Q

week 36 to term

A

alveolar

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9
Q

includes primitive lng development and is generally regarded to encompass the first 2 months of gestation

A

embryonal phase

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10
Q

lung begins to emerge as a bud from the pharynx

A

26 days after conception

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11
Q

left and right pulmonary artery and veins start to develop

A

week 5

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12
Q

during the embryonal phase, the respiratory epithelium develops from an area of the endoderm reffered as

A

foregut bud

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13
Q

this also develops during embryonal stage of lung development

A

diaphragm

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14
Q

complete development of the diaphragm

A

week 7 of gestation

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15
Q

the respiratory epithelium begins to grow during?

A

embryonic phase(day 1 - 26)

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16
Q

the lobar bronchi form two branching from the left bud and three from the right.

A

31 days

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17
Q

this will develop into the pulmonary interstitium, smooth muscle , blood vessels and cartilage

A

mesenchyme

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18
Q

when will the diaphragm form from five different elements within mesoderm

A

starting 31 days and ending about 7 weeks

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19
Q

failure of the diaphragm to completely close during this phas results in

A

congenital diaphragmatic hernia occuring in 2000 to 4000 births

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20
Q

this sis named after the distinct glandular appearance of the developing lung

A

Pseudoglandular phase

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21
Q

pseudoglandular phase extends to week?

A

16 of gestationstation

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22
Q

the most distal structure

A

terminal bronchioles

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23
Q

this wee the airway has branched to about 4 generations

A

week 7

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24
Q

in this week the major lobes of the lung are identifiable

A

week 12

25
Q

smooth muscle around the airways begins developing around

A

weeks 10 and 24

26
Q

immature cartilage begins too form around

A

week 11

27
Q

cilia appear on the surface of the lungs epithelium starting at

A

10 weeks to 13 weeks

28
Q

the presence of mucus can be found in the fetal lung starting at

A

week 13

29
Q

cells that are responsible for creating mucus

A

goblet cellsl

30
Q

this phase is so named bec of the appearance of vascular channels, or capillaries, that begin to grow

A

canalicular phase

31
Q

during the canalicular period that are consist of respi bronchiole, alveolar ducts and sacs

A

acinar unit

32
Q

Pulmonary acinar units are also formed in this period

A

canalicular period

33
Q

what consist of the acinar unit?

A

respiratory brochiole, respiratory sac, respiratory ducts

34
Q

the survival of fetus become possible at

A

week 22-24 gestation

35
Q

the canicular lungs stage

A

week 17-26

36
Q

this part has no cartilage and are prone to airway collapse

A

respiratory bronchiole

37
Q

this is secreted by epithelial cells of the lungs to help patency of the airway

A

fetal lung fluid

38
Q

fetal lung fluid seceretes how many ml

A

250 to 300 ml

39
Q

the volume of fetal lung approximates the

A

FRC

40
Q

Approximately 26- 36 weeks gestation

A

saccular phase

41
Q

at the beginning of this stage the terminal saccules are formed

A

saccular phase 26 weeks gestation

42
Q

during this phase there is marked an increased in the potential gas exchanging surface area

A

saccular phase

43
Q

true alveolar appear at about 30 weeks in the airways distal to the terminal bronchioles, forming, short, shallow sacs

A

saccules

44
Q

Each saccule is made up of type I and type II cells and functions as an ?

A

alveolar-capillary membrane

45
Q

Saccules are closely grouped, making the space between them, called the? also is is twice as thick as an alveolar wall.

A

the septa

46
Q

toward the end of this phase at about week 35 this one begins to appear.

A

mature surfactant

47
Q

a neonate born at this point is at minimal risk for pulmonary complications at birth caused by?

A

lung immaturity

48
Q

distinction between the saccular and alveolar phases is somewhat?

A

arbitrary

49
Q

these are the primarily a postnatal event, extending beyond birth with rapid growth up to 18 months post-gestation.

A

alveolar maturation and proliferation

50
Q

it is characterized by a
complex interaction of epithelial,
fibroblast, and vascular growth factors with
extracellular matrix components.

A

Alveologenesis

51
Q

It has been estimated that only how many percent of the adult number of alveoli are present at
birth, and thus alveologenesis is largely a
postnatal event.

A

15% to 20%

52
Q

this phase begins at about week 36,
approximately I month before a full-term delivery. Alveoli are quickly proliferating during this phase, growing in number to the millions by the time of delivery.

A

The alveolar phase

53
Q

There is published evidence to show that
the number of alveoli present in the lungs at term range from how many?, with other data

A

zero to 50 million

54
Q

how many fold that the lung volume increases

A

23-fold

55
Q

how many fold that the alveolar number increases

A

6-fold

56
Q

how many fold that the alveolar surface increases

A

21-fold

57
Q

how many fold that the lung weight increases

A

20-fold

58
Q

Lung volume increases disproportionally to
what?

A

alveolar number.

NEONATAL (3 decks)

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