Quiz 1 Terms

Question 1

Iconography

Answer 1

• “Writing of images”
• refers to the content or subject of an piece
• study of content and symbolism in art

Question 2

Scientific/Linear Perspective

Answer 2

enables artists to mathematically detirmine the relative size of rendered objects to correlate them visually in a piece

Question 3

Diminution

Answer 3

• occurs in linear perspective

- involves objects becoming smaller and smaller as the space between the viewer and the object increase

Question 4

Orthogonal

Answer 4

-A line imagined to be behind and perpendicular to the picture plane
-orthogonals in a painting appear to recede
toward a vanishing point on the horizon

Question 5

Iconology

Answer 5

-interpretation of art that uncovers the cultural, social, and historical background of themes and subjects in the piece

Question 6

Vanishing Point

Answer 6

-the spot on the horizon line to which the receding parallel lines diminish

Question 7

Horizon Line

Answer 7

• horizontal line that runs across the paper or canvas to represent the viewer’s eye level
• where the sky meets the ground

Question 8

Contrapposto

Answer 8

-the standing human figure such that the weight rests on one leg, freeing the other leg, which is bent at the knee

Question 9

The Canon

Answer 9

-a set of rules, principles, or standards accepted as fundamental to artists

Question 10

The Great Schism (1053)

Answer 10

Split Christianity into two divisions:

• Roman Catholic
• Eastern Orthodox

Question 11

Cimabue

Answer 11

• Italian (Florence)
• Painter
• 13th/14th century
• transitional artist (between Medieval and the Renaissance)

Question 12

Giotto

Answer 12

• Italian
• Painter
• 14th century
• Renaissance style
• Frescos

Question 13

Renaissance Humanism

Answer 13

• 14th/15th century Italy
• focussed on what it is to be human NOT on religion
• emphasis on education and on expanding knowledge

Question 14

Pieta

Answer 14

• Pity or Compassion

- Mary sorrowfully contemplating the dead body of her son which she holds on her lap

Question 15

Lamentation

Answer 15

• depicting the mourning over Christ’s body after it was removed from the cross
• on the ground

Question 16

Buon Fresco

Answer 16

-wet plaster fresco

Question 17

Fresco Secco

Answer 17

-dry plaster fresco

Question 18

The Arena Chapel

Answer 18

• Scrovegni Chapel
• Painted by Giotto
• Paid for by Enrico Scrovegni
• Get his father out of purgatory

Question 19

Siena Palazzo Pubblico

Answer 19

• frescos by Lorenzetti
• Good and Bad government
• Siena, Italy
• Martini

Question 20

Patron

Answer 20

-person who pays for or commissions works of art

Question 21

Artists Guilds

Answer 21

-associations of master craftspeople,

apprentices, and tradespeople

Question 22

Artistic Training in Italy

Answer 22

• Young boys fathers arrange for them to work under a master for 5-6 years to learn the trade
• Following their time with the master the boys would join a guild according to what the learned/specialized in

Question 23

Duomo

Answer 23

• Florence, Italy

- Filippo Brunelleschi

Question 24

Campanile

Answer 24

• Giotto di Bondone designed

- 1334

Question 25

Giorgio Vasari’s “The Lives of the Artists"

Answer 25

``` -architect and painter who trained in Michelangelo’s Florentine workshop Divided the Renaissance into three ages: -Cimabue and Giotto -Quattrocento -Cinquecento ```

Question 26

Burgundy and Flanders

Answer 26

- controlled much of Northern France + Paris - Banking - Wool - Phillip the Bold was a powerful ruler in the 15th century

Question 27

Guild of St. Luke

Answer 27

-guild painters sought to join -the patron saint of painters because Luke made a portrait of the VirginMary

Question 28

Tempera Painting

Answer 28

``` -consists of egg combined with a wet paste of ground pigment -have a velvety sheen -dry quickly ```

Question 29

Oil Painting

Answer 29

- powdered pigments mixed with linseed oil - build up deep tones - drys slowly

Question 30

Master of Flemalle

Answer 30

- Robert Campin | - Mérode Altarpiece showing the annunciation

Question 31

Altarpiece

Answer 31

-decorates the space above and behind the altar in a Christian church

Question 32

Triptych

Answer 32

- work of art that is divided into three sections | - usually a panel painting

Question 33

Mérode Altarpiece

Answer 33

- Robert Campin | - showing the annunciation

Question 34

Jan van Eyck

Answer 34

- Netherlandish painter - 1395–1441 - Ghent Altarpiece

Question 35

Ghent Altarpiece

Answer 35

- oil - original sin of Adam and Eve - "new realism"

Question 36

Giovani Arnolfini

Answer 36

-Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife -1434 -Oil on wood

Question 37

Rogier van der Weyden

Answer 37

- known for his portraits - shows drama in paintings - Deposition

Question 38

Deposition

Answer 38

- by Rogier van der Weyden - triptych - agony of loss - sorrow

Question 39

Martin Schoengauer

Answer 39

-metal engraver -Anthony Tormented by Demons

Question 40

Intaglio Printmaking

Answer 40

artist incises (cuts) the lines on a metal plate

Question 41

Sandro Botticelli

Answer 41

- 1444–1510 - mythology - painted in the Sistine Chapel - The birth of Venus

Question 42

The Birth of Venus

Answer 42

- Sandro Botticelli | - nude female

Question 43

Neoplatonism

Answer 43

- distinguishes between spiritual and physical | - made art more realistic

Question 44

Lorenzo Ghiberti

Answer 44

-painter -metal worker -

Question 45

Lorenzo Ghiberti

Answer 45

- painter - metal worker - Sacrifice of Issac

Question 46

Donatello

Answer 46

- movement | - contraposto

Question 47

The Gates of Paradise

Answer 47

10 panels showing reliefs depicting an episode from the Old Testament -Ghiberti

Question 48

Mary Magdalene

Answer 48

- Jesus' closest companion | - symbol of heavenly wisdom

Question 49

Massaccio

Answer 49

- Florentine Painter - perspective and naturalism - influenced the renaissance

Question 50

Brancacci Chapel

Answer 50

-Massaccio painted "Tribute Money" | -

Question 51

Holy Trinity

Answer 51

- in Santa Maria Novella | - shows perspective

Question 52

Andrea del Castagno

Answer 52

- The Last Supper in Sant’Apollonia | - linear perspective to make 3d visual

Question 53

The Last supper

Answer 53

-Andrea del Castagno -3d perspective -

Question 54

Primavera

Answer 54

- Sandro Botticelli | - Shows different paths of love violent/faithful

Question 55

Engraving

Answer 55

The process of incising a design in hard material/metal plate -print or impression made from such a plate

Question 56

Palazzo Medici-Riccardi

Answer 56

- Heavy rustication symbolizes strength | - Michelozzo di Bartolommeo

Question 57

Leon Battista Alberti

Answer 57

-architect -first Renaissance architect to understand classical architecture

Question 58

Perugino’s Christ Giving the Keys to St. Peter

Answer 58

- axial center | - both 2D and 3D

Question 59

Urbino

Answer 59

-important center of Renaissance art and culture -

Question 60

Duke Federico da Montefeltro

Answer 60

Duke of Urbino -one of greatest artistic patrons of the 15th century -military expertise

Question 61

Andrea Mantegna

Answer 61

- Lamentation over the Dead Christ | - mastery of perspective

Question 62

Lamentation over the Dead Christ

Answer 62

-made Christs feet small -did not follow rules of perspective -emotional power