Quiz 1 terms Flashcards
Sources written or collected at the time of event or witnessed it; First-hand evidence.
Ex: Interviews, Newspapers, Diaries, Speeches, Photos
Primary Source
Sources that are written after the fact that in some way analyze, comment on, discuss, or describe a historical event, figure, period, etc.
Ex: Journalism, Newspapers, textbooks, articles.
Secondary Source
Starting as The Whigs, the group believed in limiting the power of the president and had a strong emphasis on law and congress. In the year 1860, The Whigs split and one side formed The Republican Party.
Policies: Opposing of Slavery’s Expansion, Affirmed the language of equality and freedom in the Declaration of Independence, Committed to the Union.
Republican Party
The act of withdrawing from a group or political identity. Mississippi’s Secession was based on the fact that they side with slavery because it was a ‘necessary’ factor of the economy.
Secession
Given on January 1, 1863, by Abraham Lincoln. Three years into the Civil war, The President declared “that all persons held as slaves” (within the rebellious states) “are, and henceforward shall be free.” This followed a warning Abraham gave in September of 1862. This Executive Order did not end slavery but it did shift the character of war and after January 1, every advance of union troops was for the sake of all people’s freedoms.
Emancipation Proclamation
Declared that slavery was no longer legal (except for as punishment by the Government). As a result, about 8 million Americans were classified as free.
13th Amendment
Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, granting citizenship to formerly enslaved people.
14th Amendment
Prevented all states from disenfranchising voters “on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.” Although it allowed the possibility for all to vote, states implemented IQ tests for voting to guarantee that those who were formerly enslaved could not vote since most were uneducated.
15th Amendment
A series of laws passed to try to maintain ‘White Supremacy’. Specifically limiting, black people’s right to own property, conduct business, buy and lease land, and move freely through public spaces.
Vagrancy laws: Being arrested for wandering from one place to another with no apparent means of financial support; Criminalized being poor/homeless/jobless
Black Codes
Allowed 21-year-olds or older and “head of households” to apply for free federal land to jumpstart the development of the American West and spur economic growth.
270 million acres (10% of the U.S.) were claimed and settled under this act.
Requirements were that you must be a U.S. Citizen that has NOT rebelled, must live on land, music build a home, and must make consistent improvements.
Homestead Act of 1862
November 29, 1864.
Colonel John M. Chivington lead 675 U.S. volunteer soldiers on a raid against a Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes at Sand Creek, Colorado.
Within 8 hours, 230 Native Americans, (mostly women, the elderly, and children) were brutalized and scalped.
Sand Creek Massacre
The process where individuals or groups of differing ethnic heritage are absorbed into the dominant culture of society.
Carlisle Indian Industrial School: Founded by Richard Henry Pratt in 1879, 7,800 children were forced from their homes/tribes to be assimilated.
“Kill the Indian, Save the man”
Closed 1918
Assimilation
