quiz 1 terminology determinants and embrology

Question 1

bioecological systems theory

Answer 1

proposed by Bronfenbrenner, emphasizes the broad range of situations and contexts individuals may encounter. Characteristics are affected and modified by the contextual surroundings.

Question 2

how many 5 distinct systems are there in the bioecological systems. Explain them

Answer 2

microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem
micro - where they live, family, school
meso - the interrelationships among the various settings within the microsystem
exo - when an individual has no say or active role in another social setting and still somehow influences them
macro - the culture where they live at
chrono - patterning of environmental events and transitions over the life span

Question 3

hyperplasia

Answer 3

growth in the number of cells

Question 4

hypertrophy

Answer 4

growth in the number of the size of the cells

Question 5

accretion

Answer 5

factors that influence the increase of rate of growth

Question 6

phylogenetic

Answer 6

is the evolution of a species

Question 7

ontogenetic

Answer 7

development of a specific organism

Question 8

constraints model

Answer 8

elements that constrain the control of motor tasks. Place an individual in a different environment and they will have constraints to their motor ability

Question 9

congenital

Answer 9

disease from birth

Question 10

geriatrics

Answer 10

branch of medicine that deals with the problems and diseases of old age

Question 11

teratogen

Answer 11

is an environmental agent that can cause a birth defect or kill the fetus

Question 12

what percetange of babies are born healthy no problme

Answer 12

97%

Question 13

how do teratogens work (the principles)

Answer 13

affect prenatal development by interfering with basic biochemical processes
susceptibility varies with the sensitive periods of body systems when they are forming
each agent acts in a specific way on specific developing tissue causing abnormal development
Reaction may depend on the organism and the mother genotype and the mother physiological state/levels
longer exposure, greater risk of abnormalness
Levels of teratogens only impact the mother slightly, while the baby gets the serious effects
some may cause temporary delays in development with no long-term consequences, while some cause problems late in development

Question 14

best ages to have a baby

Answer 14

ages between 22 and 29 years

Question 15

high risk of defects of having a baby at age…

Answer 15

younger than 16 and older than 35

Question 16

nutrition factor on fetus

Answer 16

adequate diet is essential and vital, diet deficiency can lead to low birth weight, prematurity, brain development, skeletal growth retardation, below normal motor and neurological development, and poor mental functioning.

Question 17

maternal stress on fetus

Answer 17

can produce hormonal changes, higher levels of adrenaline that restrict blood flow to the uterine area and can deprive oxygen from fetus. Stress was a determinant of delay in motor development

Question 18

environmental factors

Answer 18

affected by disease, diet, air, drinks, smokes, injections

Question 19

possible infections and diseases of fetus

Answer 19

syphilis, STIs, diabetes, HIV, AIDS,

Question 20

drugs affecting fetus

Answer 20

smoking causes low birth weight and fetal growth retardation.

Question 21

alchohol factors for babies

Answer 21

causes abnormalities in development because fetus liver is immature