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RCP 210 > Quiz 1 Study Guide > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Reversal agent for opioids

A

Naloxone/Narcan

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2
Q

Reversal agents for nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents (3)

A

Edrophonium (Tensilon)
Neostigmine
Sugammade

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3
Q

Reversal agent for benzos

A

Flumazenil/Romazicon

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4
Q

Used to treat Tylenol overdose

A

N-Acetylcysteine

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5
Q

Movement of a drug from the site of administration to the bloodstream

A

Absorption

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6
Q

Movement of a drug from the bloodstream to the tissues/cells (site of action)

A

Distribution

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7
Q

*Breaking down the drug (most drugs are broken down by the liver)

A

Metabolism

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8
Q

Removal of a drug from the body (most drugs are eliminated by the kidneys)

A

Elimination

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9
Q

Absorption through:
GI tract
Oral
sublingual
buccal
rectal
nasogastric

A

Enteral

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10
Q

Absorption through:
Besides the intestines
Intravenous (IV)
intramuscular (IM)
subcutaneous (SC)
Intrathecal (IT)
Intraosseous

A

Parenteral (injectable)

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11
Q

Absorption through:
Applied to the skin.
Patches
creams
eye drops

A

Transdermal and topical

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12
Q

Absorption through:
Lungs
Nebulizers
MDIs
DPIs

A

Inhalation

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13
Q

Why would you be required to go to the ICU?

A

Acute Respiratory Disease: ARDS, Pneumonia, Trauma, Sepsis, Postop failure, Aspiration, Overdose.

Chronic Respiratory Disease: COPD and Asthma Exacerbation, Restrictive Lung Disease.

Upper or Central Airway Obstruction: Tumor, Foreign Body Obstruction.

Cardiac: Heart Failure, Arrythmia

Neuromuscular Disease: Guillain-Barre, Tetanus, Botulism, Coma, Head Trauma

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14
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Mild Hypoxia

A

Shortness of breath
mild respiratory distress
excitement
overconfidence
restlessness
anxiety
euphoria
lightheadedness
nausea
dizziness
fatigue
Increased respiratory rate
increased heart rate
mild hypertension
peripheral vasoconstriction.

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15
Q

Signs and symptoms of moderate hypoxia

A

Increased respiratory distress
agitation
impaired judgment
confusion
decreased night vision
disorientation
listlessness
headache
tingling
loss of coordination
Tachycardia
tachypnea
hyperventilation (increased minute volume), accessory muscle use,
intercostal retractions,
hypertension,
and cardiac arrhythmias

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16
Q

Signs and symptoms of severe hypoxia

A

Severe dyspnea
confusion
somnolence
severe headache
visual disturbances
and slowed reaction time.
Slowed, irregular breathing,
cyanosis,
hypertension followed by hypotension, tachycardia followed by bradycardia, unconsciousness,
and coma.

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17
Q

Sedative/hypnotic drugs are _____ nervous system depressants

A

Central nervous system

18
Q

Are a commonly used, safe group of drugs that treat anxiety and insomnia. Administered PO, IV, or IM

A

Benzodiazepines
- Diazepam (Valium)
- alprazolam (Xanax)
- Lorazepam (Ativan)
- Midazolam (Versed)
- Temazepam (Restoril)

19
Q

Opioids

A

Morphine
Fentanyl
Hydromorphone

20
Q

Is an anesthesia drug used in surgery and during certain medical tests and procedures that may not be well tolerated by the patient. Administered IV or IM.

A

Ketamine

21
Q

Is the most used parenteral (IV) anesthetic in the (U.S.

A

“Propofol” (Diprivan)

22
Q

is a sedative used in the critical care setting to sedate mechanically ventilated patients. Administration IV

A

Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)

23
Q

is the only depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent (acetylcholine agonist). Administered IM or IV

A

Succinylcholine

(Onset is (30 seconds to 1 minute) and lasts (5 to 8 minutes).

Frequently used for short procedures such as intubation.

24
Q

are used clinically to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery. Administered IM or IV.

A

Neuromuscular blocking agents

25
Q

Can help assess for the presence of infection, allergic reactions, and leukemia

A

White Blood Cell Count (WBC)

26
Q

May decrease hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HCT) levels

A

Anemia

27
Q

May be caused by renal failure, acid-base disturbances (acidosis or alkalosis), or dehydration, which may cause elevated (Na+)

A

Electrolyte disorders

28
Q

Can be caused by kidney disease or muscle tissue breakdown

A

Elevated creatinine:

29
Q

May increase with kidney disease, dehydration or a high-protein die

A

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN

30
Q

Associated specifically with kidney disease

A

Elevated (BUN) and serum creatinine

31
Q

Associated with liver disease, biliary obstruction or a hemolytic disorder

A

Elevated total bilirubin:

32
Q

Used to confirm a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI)

A

Elevated troponin levels and CK-MB (Creatine Kinase)

33
Q

Anticoagulant indicated for venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, atrial fibrillation (AF), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and peripheral arterial embolism

A

Heparin

34
Q

ORAL anticoagulant for venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism (PE), atrial fibrillation, valve replacement, coronary occlusion

A

Warfarin (Coumadin)

35
Q

Coagulant Indicated for risk of stroke and systemic embolism (2)

A

Xarelto (Rivaroxaban)
Eliquis (Apixaban)

36
Q

Cardiac drug for Management of chronic heart failure and Afib. Decreases HR and AV conduction

A

Digoxin

37
Q

Used for ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias

A

Amiodarone (Cordarone)

38
Q

*Used to terminate (SVTs) only

A

Adenosine (Adenocard)

39
Q

Frequently used to treat ventricular arrhythmia (VA) during cardiac surgery or after (MI)

A

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

40
Q
A
41
Q

Instilled in the airway prior to suctioning. Not recommended by AARC guidelines.

A

Normal Saline Solution

RCP 210 (5 decks)

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