Quiz 1 Study Guide Flashcards
Taylorism
Increased efficiency of process by subdividing tasks; led to mass production.
Social Darwinism
“survival of the fittest” in the American economy. Applied by Herbert Spencer. Charity and welfare would lead to social degeneration, encouraged the “weak” to survive.
The People’s Party (the Populist Party)
Democratic and Republican parties did not meet the needs of farmers that led to the founding of the populist party.
Omaha Platform
Populists gathered in Omaha to form party and create platform. Called for a strong, engaged federal government to counter the power of monopolistic capitalism.
Socialist Party
Believed wealth and power belonged to few people, monopolies and trusts controlled too much of the economy. Purpose was to overthrow the capitalist system and free the working class from wage slavery
Socialist Party (Achievements)
Mayors elected in 33 cities and towns, two socialists Berger and London won congressional seats, over 1000 socialists candidates won American political offices. Debs received 6% of vote in presidential election. 1913- 150,000 members of socialist party.
Pull Factors for Westward Migration
Land, Quick Profits, Bison, Freedom of Religion,
The Homestead Act (short answer)
Act passed in 1862 that allowed male citizens to claim federal land in the West. Could get 160 acres to “improve” the land. After 5 years they could apply for the official title for the land. (women could apply for land but often did not)
The Frontier Thesis
Came from Frederick Jackson Turner’s essay “The Significance of the Frontier in American History.” Frontier line “between savagery and civilization” moved to the West from the earliest English settlements.
White Mobs
After the civil war the South had to be reconstructed. The “New South” was the same as the old south but found ways to make slavery legal. When they were challenged or an African-American did something they didn’t like they would be tried by the white mobs through lynching. Jim Crow Laws, Lynching
De Facto Limitations
Prevented something from happening but is not ordained by law.
De Jure Disenfranchisement
Laws that support a particular cause
Voter Suppression
Laws were put in place to suppress voters since reconstruction. These laws included literacy tests and poll taxes.
The Lost Cause
civic religion that glorified the Confederacy and romanticized the “Old South.” White southerners looked to the future while also looking to an imagined past of happy and loyal slaves, hence “romanticizing” the old south.
The Boxer Rebellion
Movement opposed to foreign businesses and missionaries operating in China. US Response to the intervention of trade by a multinational force was McKinley sending US troops without congressional approval setting a precedent.
Roosevelt Corollary + Changes to the Monroe Doctrine
was the “muscle” behind the monroe document- meant to tell other countries that the West belonged to the US. “Roosevelt inverted his (Monroe’s) doctrine to legitimize direct US intervention in the region.
Plessy v. Ferguson
legalized segregation inder “separate but equal” doctrine
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
Factory owners chained doors to prevent workers from taking unauthorized breaks when a fire broke out- 71 workers injured, 146 died
Muckrakers
journalists who exposed business practices, poverty, and corruption labeled by Theodore Roosevelt
