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Herbs 1 (Fall 2023) > Quiz 1 Review (History, Temps + Tastes, Preparation) > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Review (History, Temps + Tastes, Preparation) Flashcards

1
Q

Han Dynasty

A

(~200 BCE to 220 CE) Period of peace and stability, civilization reached new peaks; beginning of more literate CM tradition (earlier texts were largely lost); Mawangdudi tomb

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2
Q

Huang Di Nei Jing
~2 parts names?
~why is it important?

A

Su Wen– “Simple Questions”– major theoretical text
Ling Shu– “Spiritual Pivot” – classic of acupuncture

~important because it created the written underpinnings of CM

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3
Q

What is the Nan Jing and why is it important?

A

addresses unanswered questions from the SuWen (Huang Di Nei Jing)

~addresses pulse taking, channel systems, physiology; source of antique points

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4
Q

What is the Shang Han Za Bing Lun, who is it attributed to and why is it important?

A

~Text discussing Cold damage
~most commonly studied, commented on and annotated text in CM (25% of the formulas we study are from this text)
~attributed to Zhang Zhong Jing

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5
Q

What is the Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing and why is it important?

A

~Compiled during the Han dynasty and considered the first major herbal work (Shen Nong– “divine farmer”, lived aroundd 4000BCE, patron saint of CM)

~365 herbs, categorizedd into Upper (nourish/cultivate life), Middle (supplement nature) and Lower (treat illness) grade herbs

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6
Q

Warm Disease School

A

“Wen Bing Pai”; developed during Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), evolved thru Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)
~pathology enters body thru nose
~focuses on warm pathogens
~uses heat clearing herbs that resolve toxicity
~provides new model for disease progression
~concept of “releasing the exterior”

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7
Q

Qing Dynasty Highlights

A

1644-1911
~Weng Bing Pai (Warm Disease School)continues to evolve and be practiced
~study of western anatomy comes to China
~first attempts to integrate Western medicine
~concept of San Jiao embraced more widely

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8
Q

4 Great Masters

A

Liu Wan Su– created school of Cooling– becomes basis for other schools

Zhang Cong-Zheng– created School of Attacking & Purging –> resolve pathology by inducing sweat, purge

Li Dong Yuan– created Earth School –> focused on rectifying the middle (SP + ST)

Zhu Dan Xi– created School of Nourishing Yin –> need to tonify yin; yin anchors yang

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9
Q

What are the 8 herbal strategies?

A

Drain downward, Tonify, Harmonize, Sweating, Induce Vomiting, Warming, Clearing, Reducing

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10
Q

What are the 4 (5) flavors?

A

Hot, Warm, Cool, Cold, Neutral

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11
Q

What are the 5 (8) tastes?

A

Sour, Bitter, Sweet, Acrid, Salty; Bland, Fragrant/Aromatic, Astringent

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12
Q

What do Acrid (xin) herbs do?

A

*Move and disperse (OUTWARD), often thru sweating
*Promote Movement (treat stagnation)
*Break up and eliminate pathological products

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13
Q

What do sweet (Gan) herbs do?

A

*Tonify (treat deficiency)
*Moisten
*Harmonize
*Soften the effect of more harsh herbs
*Moderates

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14
Q

What do bitter (Ku) herbs do?

A

*reduce heat
*reduce dampness (drying)
*downward movement (sinking)
*generally reduce
*helps settle fire
*help expel phlegm

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15
Q

What do sour (suan) herbs do?

A

*Astringe
*holds/contains
*stabilize + bind
*tonifies by helping us retain nourishment –> helpful with Chronic isssues
*relieves toxicity

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16
Q

What do the Salty (xian) herbs do?

A

*softens hardness and purges excess
*reduce
*treat chronic inflammation *treat masses
*downward moving
*sometimes laxative
*can be drying
*most animal parts in CM are considered salty

16
Q

What do aromatic (xiang) herbs do?

A

*light and moving
*similiar to acrid, with a moving/dispelling quality
*awaken/revive (open + awaken sensory orifices)
*awaken shen + heart orifices
*awaken SP for digestive function

17
Q

What do bland (dan) herbs do?

A

*leech out dampnesss
*induce + promote urination

17
Q

Which tastes drains and are yin?

A

Salty + bitter

18
Q

Which tastes scatter and are yang?

A

Acrid and sweet

18
Q

Which taste seeps and drains and is yang?

A

Bland

19
Q

Which taste travels in the Qi, and so should only be usesd sparingly in diseases of the Qi?

A

Acrid

20
Q

Which taste travels in the blood, and so should be avoided in diseases of blood?

A

Salty

21
Q

Which taste travels in the bones, and should be avoided with diseases of the bones?

A

Bitter

22
Q

Which taste travels in the flesh and should be avoided in diseases of the flesh?

A

Sweet

23
Q

Which taste travels in the sinews and should be avoided in diseases of the Sinews?

A

Sour

24
Q

What are the 5 main taste + organ connections? (the tastes ‘enter’ these organs)

A

Bitter– HT
Sweet– SP
Salty– KD
Sour– LR
Acrid– LU

25
Q

Which herb flavor/taste combination can generate yin?

A

Sweet-cold

26
Q

Which herb flavor/taste combination can clear heat and generate yin and body-fluid?

A

Sweet-bitter-cold

27
Q

Which herb flavor/taste combination can generate and stabilize yin?

A

sour-cold

28
Q

Which herb flavor/taste combination can clear heat, reduce fire and eliminate damp-heat?

A

Bitter-cold

29
Q

Which herb flavor/taste combination can disperse and reduce the constraining impact of fire?

A

acrid-cold

30
Q

What are the 4 herb roles in a formula and what do they do?

A

Chief (Jun)–> sets tone for the formula

Deputy (Chen)–> directly supports function of chief

Assistant (Zuo)–> various functions– treat a sysmptom, reinforce Deputy + Chief, counter toxicity of Deputy + Chief; have oppossing effect of deputy/chief for complex disorders

Envoy (Shi)–> harmonize formula; direct formula to a place in the body

31
Q

What is a typical dosage for herbs?

A

3g - 9g

32
Q

What are the 6 stages of Pathology?

A

Tai Yang –> Yang Ming – Shao Yang –> Tai Yin –> Shao Yin –> Jue Yin

33
Q

What is the benefit of Powders? (Sanji)

A

powdered raw herb; keep for a long time, can be used as topicals

34
Q

What are tea pills? (wanji)

A

ground herbs pressed with some type of liquid or viscous medium; takes a lot to get a therapeutic dose; easily stored and ingested

35
Q

What are Special Pills? (dan ji)

A

have special or expensive ingredients in them; generally used as elixirs for immortality

Herbs 1 (Fall 2023) (1 decks)

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