Quiz 1 Review

Question 1

Science

Answer 1

The experimental investigation and explanation of natural phenomena.

Question 2

Technology

Answer 2

The application of scientific knowledge.

Question 3

Scientific Method

Answer 3

A process used to systemically investigate observations, solve problems, and test hypotheses. Basically, a systemic approach to research.

Question 4

Observations

Answer 4

You make observations by using your sense to gather information. After forming your problem, you need to do background research.

Question 5

Hypothesis

Answer 5

This is a clear statement of what you expect the answer to your question to be. Your hypothesis will represent your “best educated guess” based on your observations, research and what you already know.

Question 6

Experiment

Answer 6

After forming a hypothesis and made a prediction, you should test your hypothesis.

Question 7

Controlled Experiment

Answer 7

An experiment that tests only one factor at a time.

Question 8

The variable

Answer 8

Every factor between the control group and experimental group are the same except for one factor called the variable. The variable is any factor that can be controlled, changed, or measured in an experiment.

Question 9

What steps come after the experiment?

Answer 9

During the experiment it’s important to collect data. At the end of the experiment, you analyze the data and use it to form a conclusion if that data supports your hypothesis.

Question 10

Law

Answer 10

is a concise verbal or mathematic statement of a relationship between phenomena that is always the same under the same conditions. A Scientific Law summarizes the results of the experiments.

Question 11

Theory

Answer 11

An explanation or model that attempts to explain why a Law is true.

Question 12

Bias

Answer 12

A strong preference or inclination that inhibits impartial judgement.

Question 13

Chemistry

Answer 13

The study of the properties and transformations of matter.

Question 14

Matter

Answer 14

Anything that has mass and occupies space. All matter is made up of substances called elements

Question 15

Atoms

Answer 15

The smallest unit of elements.

Question 16

Mass

Answer 16

The quantity of matter in a given sample of a substance.

Question 17

What are the two classifications of Matter?

Answer 17

Pure Substance and Mixture

Question 18

Pure Substance

Answer 18

Matter that is uniform in its chemical composition and properties. The two types are called Elements and Chemical Compounds

Question 19

Element

Answer 19

Pure substance that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances through ordinary chemical reactions.

Question 20

Chemical Compounds

Answer 20

Two or more elements combined chemically in specific ratios to form a pure substance

Question 21

Chemical Formula

Answer 21

A notation for a chemical compound using symbols and subscripts to show how many atoms of each elements are present.

Question 22

Molecules

Answer 22

A molecule is two or more atoms (Non-metals) in a specific ratio chemically combined.

Question 23

What are the four common elements that exist in organisms?

Answer 23

Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen.

Question 24

Coefficient

Answer 24

a number written in front of a chemical symbol or chemical formula that indicates the quantity of what follows it.

Question 25

Mixture

Answer 25

A blend of two or more pure substances in any ratio in which each substance retains its distinct identity. The two types are Homogeneous and Heterogeneous.

Question 26

Homogeneous Mixture (Solution)

Answer 26

A uniform mixture that has an identical composition throughout. (Occurs when particles are microscopic).

Question 27

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 27

A non-uniform mixture that does not have an identical composition throughout. (Occurs when particles are macroscopic).

Question 28

Evaporation

Answer 28

This method is suitable to separate a soluble solid from a liquid by heating the liquid.

Question 29

Filtration

Answer 29

To separate an insoluble solid from a liquid. The solid remains in the filter paper and the liquid goes through the paper into the beaker.

Question 30

Distillation

Answer 30

To separate and collect a liquid from a solution of a soluble solid. The solution is heated in a flask until the liquid boils. The vapor produced passes into the condenser where it is called and condenses to a liquid.

Question 31

Fractional Distillation

Answer 31

This is a special type of distillation used to separate a mixture of liquids. Different liquids boil at different temperatures.

Question 32

Magnetism

Answer 32

Some substances are attracted to a magnet field and can be “pulled” from a mixture.

Question 33

Chromatography

Answer 33

To separate different colored dyes.

Question 34

Properties

Answer 34

A characteristic that can be used to describe a substance, either physical or chemical.

Question 35

Physical Properties

Answer 35

Density, color, and melting point are physical properties of matter. Observing or measuring a physical property can be done without altering the makeup if a substance.

Question 36

Chemical Properties

Answer 36

Chemical composition, what matter is made of, and chemical reactivity, how matter behaves, are chemical properties

Question 37

Solid

Answer 37

A substance that has a definite shape and volume. There are 2 types. Crystalline solids and Amorphic solids.

Question 38

Liquid

Answer 38

A substance that has a definite volume but that changes shape to fill the container. Liquids are dense and fluid.

Question 39

Gas

Answer 39

A substance that has neither a definite volume nor a definite shape.

Question 40

Physical Change

Answer 40

A change producing the same substance in a different state. Reversible.

Question 41

Chemical Change (chemical reaction)

Answer 41

Alters the make of a substance. NOT reversible.

Question 42

Extensive Properties

Answer 42

Depends on how much matter is being considered.

Question 43

Intensive Properties

Answer 43

Does not depend on how much matter is being considered. Ex. Color, density, etc.