Quiz 1 Review

Question 1

1. Movement of the Temporomandibular joint is characterized by the position of what structure in what space?

Answer 1

Movement characterized by position of condyle in glenoid fossa

Question 2

1. Movement of the temporomandibular joint is best viewed from what perspective of the skull?

Answer 2

Best viewed from sagittal or “side” view

Question 3

2. What are five functions and purposes of the ligaments that support the TMJ and mandible?

Answer 3

1. Limit mandibular movement
2. Protect musculature, esp during extreme movement
3. Non-elastic
4. Non-contractile
5. Not innervated

Question 4

3. The articular disc is attached to what at the anterior portion and to what at the posterior region?

Answer 4

Anterior - Musculature (Sup. head of lat pterygoid)

Posterior - Retrodiscal tissues

Question 5

4. Normal rotation movement of the mandible is limited by what portion of the temporomandibular ligament?

Answer 5

Outer oblique portion (OOP)

Question 6

4. Posterior movement of the mandible is limited by what portion of the temporomandibular ligament?

Answer 6

Inner horizontal portion (IHP)

Question 7

5. Most articulation between the condyle, articular disc, and temporal bone occurs on which aspect of the condyle?

Which aspect has greater surface area?

Answer 7

Most articulation will occur in the anterior aspect of the condyle (even though greater surface area on posterior portion)

Question 8

6. What are two other terms for maximum intercuspation?

Answer 8

1. Centric occlusion (CO)

2. Habitual occlusion/centric - “habit”

Question 9

6. Maximum intercuspation - T/F:
   - Maximum intercuspation describes an occlusal relation, but not tooth position
   - Teeth are contacting in a position that that patient finds the most comfortable
   - It is not easily achievable, but always reproducible, by the patient

Answer 9

1. False - Max. intercuspation describes BOTH an occlusal relation and tooth position
2. True - most comfortable tooth contact position
3. False - It is easily achievable, but not always reproducible, by the patient

Question 10

7. Centric relation
   - What kind of position?
   - Does it need tooth contact to be obtained?
   - Establishes the position of the condyle in what two locations?
   - The anterior disc is properly interpose between what two structures?

Answer 10

• Condylar position
• Does not need tooth contact to be obtained
• Establishes the condyle in a superior and anterior location
• Disc is interposed between the condyle and temporal bone

Question 11

7. Centric relation
   - Articulation is on what portion of the articular disc?
   - Described as the most or least stable position of the condyle?
   - T/F: A position of the mandible where the musculature displays maximal tonus

Answer 11

• Articulation is on the thinnest portion of the disc
• Described as the most stable position of the condyle
• False - Centric relation is a position of the mandible where the musculature displays minimal tonus

Question 12

8. Max. Intercuspation clinical conditions
   - If centric relation and max intercuspal do not coincide, the patient will have “what”?
   - Few or most patients have slide from centric relation into max. intercuspation?
   - Max intercuspation is ______ contact of all of the teeth and is considered the “______” of the slide

Answer 12

• Patient will have a slide
• Most patients have slide
• Max intercuspation is simultaneous contact of all teeth
• Considered the “endpoint” of the slide

Question 13

8. Max. Intercuspation clinical conditions
   - All occlusal forces should be concentrated down the long axis of anterior or posterior teeth?
   - Max intercuspation position is dynamic or static in nature?
   - Will max intercuspation change throughout a patient’s life?

Answer 13

• Concentrated down long axis of posterior teeth
• Position is dynamic in nature
• Max intercuspation will change throughout a patient’s life

Question 14

9. In an ideal occlusion, when mand teeth close against max teeth, what four ideal conditions should exist?
   - Contact, condyle and articular disc, musculature tonus, occlusal contact

Answer 14

• Ideal teeth contact simultaneously
• Ideal situated location for condyle and articular disc
• Musculature at minimum tonus
• Occlusal contact uniform and simultaneous

Question 15

10. Lateral movements of the mandible on the right side are also labeled as what?

Answer 15

Right side considered to be on “balancing side” or “non-working” slide

Question 16

11. Summary of Ideal Occlusion - T/F
    - Centric relation and maximum intercuspation occur one after the other
    - All teeth contact simultaneously
    - All occlusal forces on posterior teeth are directed down short axis of teeth
    - Ant tooth contacts dominate over Post tooth contacts

Answer 16

1. False - Centric relation and max. intercuspation occur simultaneously
2. True - contact is simultaneous
3. False - All occlusal forces on post. teeth are directed along long axis
4. False - Post tooth contacts > Ant tooth contacts

Question 17

11. Summary of Ideal Occlusion - T/F
    - All eccentric movements guided by post teeth
    - No crossover contacts on posterior teeth should be seen

Answer 17

1. False - All eccentric movements guided by ant teeth

2. True - No crossover contacts should be seen on post teeth

Question 18

12. Emphasis of the Muscles of Mastication is primarily on the “_____” of the muscles

This is a precursor to understanding what dysfunction?

Actions of the muscles will be described as either what two activities?

Answer 18

1. Actions of the muscles of mastication
2. Precursor to understanding temporomandibular and occlusal dysfuntion
3. Normal vs parafunctional (abnormal) activities

Question 19

13. The Masseter elevates the mandible in what direction?

The masseters causes the teeth to do what? Is this activity normal or parafunctional?

Is the masseter the primary muscle for protrusive movement?

The masseter minimally aids in what kind of movement?

Answer 19

1. Masseter elevates mandible in superior direction
2. Masseter causes the teeth to clench (parafunctional)
3. Masseter is not the primary muscle for protrusive movement
4. Masseter minimally aids in lateral movement

Question 20

14. Relationship between medial pole of conyle and medial pterygoid muscle (Non-working side) establishes what “position”?

The normal curve of occlusion is possible due to the the interaction of the medial pole of the condyle with what structure?

In ideal patients, what kind of movement is impossible from the fully seated position of the condyle in the fossa?

Answer 20

1. Mid-most position
2. With the steep medial wall of the fossa
3. Mand. lateral translation is impossible

Question 21

15. What three muscles are involved in seating condyles in the fossa and which is the most important?

Answer 21

1. Temporalis (most important)
2. Masseter
3. Medial pterygoid

(Lateral pterygoid is not involved)

Question 22

16. Lateral Pterygoid
    - Superior head comprised of what kind of muscle fibers?
    - These muscle fibers imply that motion is expressed in what kind of fashion?
    - Which is smaller, superior head or inferior head?

Answer 22

• Very slow acting muscle fibers
• Extremely short and very controlled movements
• Superior head is smaller than inferior head

Question 23

16. Lateral Pterygoid - Superior head
    - Maintains a sustainable and consistent position of what structure?
    - Is progressively active during what kind of movement of the mandible?
    - It will frequently display spasms as a result of what?
    - What kind of parafunctional activity is displayed during a spasm?

Answer 23

• Articular disk
• Active during closing
• During occlusal dysfunction
• Articular disk pulled anteriorly out of glenoid fossa

Question 24

16. Lateral Pterygoid - Sup. Head
    - Works in concert with what other muscle?
    - Can clinicians palpate this deeply placed muscle?

Answer 24

Works in concert with inf head of lateral pterygoid

Clinicians can palpate (even though it is deeply placed and mostly covered by the medial pterygoid)

Question 25

17. Digastric Muscle Complex - Posterior head assists in producing what movement? - Anterior head is minimally involved in producing what movement? - Both heads of the digastric muscle complex will elevate what bone? - Muscle spasms are more completely seen in anterior or posterior digastric?

Answer 25

- Post. head assists in producing mandibular retrusion - Anterior head minimally involved in mandibular retrusion (mainly post) - Elevate hyoid bone - Muscle spasms more commonly seen in posterior

Question 26

18. Mylohyoid muscle - How does it move the mandible? - It elevates what three structures? - Muscle is important for what activities?

Answer 26

It slightly depresses the mandible Elevates the hyoid, floor of the oral cavity, and tongue Speaking and swallowing

Question 27

19. Early normal jaw opening movement - Inferior head of the lateral pterygoid relaxes/contracts? - Condyle head moves ant/post? - Articular disk moves with what structure? - Superior retrodiscal tissues undergo what?

Answer 27

- Inf. head contracts (slow and consistent) - Condyle head moves anteriorly - Articular disk moves with condyle - Undergo slight tautness

Question 28

20. Muscle vectors in Sagittal plane - Ant temporalis force vector - Mid temporalis force vector - Post temporalis force vector - Masseter force vector

Answer 28

- Sup and slightly anterior - Sup and slightly post - Post and slightly sup - Sup and slight ant

Question 29

20. Muscle vectors in Sagittal plane - Ant digastric - Post digastric - Inf head of lat pterygoid

Answer 29

- Posterior - Sup and post - Ant