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OB/Peds COPY baba-booey > Quiz 1 (Ped Chiropractic Eval) > Flashcards

Quiz 1 (Ped Chiropractic Eval) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 landmarks for an Infant Postural Evaluation?

A
  • -Glabella
  • -Sternum
  • -Symphisis
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2
Q

What is an infants normal posture?

A

Flexed tone (frog leg posture)

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3
Q

What is the ideal position for a baby in utero?

A

Left Occiput Lateral (LOL)

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4
Q

What is the KISS grade for a Fixed lateroflexion infant posture?

A

KISS 1

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5
Q

What is the KISS grade for a Fixed retroversion infant posture?

A

KISS 2

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6
Q

What are 4 key visual characteristics of KISS 1?

A
  • -Torticollis
  • -Asymmetry of the skull
  • -C-scoliosis of neck and trunk
  • -Asymmetry of motion of the limbs
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7
Q

What are 4 key visual characteristics of KISS 2?

A
  • -Hyperextension
  • -(Asymmetrical) Occipital flattening
  • -Shoulders pulled up
  • -Breastfeeding difficult on 1 side
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8
Q

Which grade of KISS can lead to the following symptoms?

–Retardation of motor development on 1 side

A

KISS 1

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9
Q

Which grade of KISS can lead to the following symptoms?

  • -Cannot lift trunk from ventral position
  • -Orofacial muscular hypotonia
A

KISS 2

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10
Q

What are 3 characteristic symptoms of KISS syndrome?

A
  • -Frequent vomiting,
  • -Problems swallowing
  • -Colic w/ excessive crying
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11
Q

What are 4 sings/symptoms associated w/ KISS-induced Dyspraxia adn Dysgnosia (KIDD)?

A
  • -Slow development of fine and gross motor skills
  • -Poor posture and equilibrium
  • -Delayed language development
  • -Restlessness, ADHD
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12
Q

Infant supine, turn head to one side

–Observe ipsilateral extension and contralateral flexion of the arms and legs

A

Asymmetric Tonic Neck (Fencer’s Reflex)

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13
Q

When does Fencer’s Reflex peak?

A

~2-3 months

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14
Q

When should Fencer’s Reflex disappear?

A

~6 months

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15
Q

When is Fencer’s Reflex, prior to 6 months age, considered a concern?

A

If infant never exhibits or seems locked in the posture

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16
Q

When is it appropriate, development-wise, to perform a pediatric posture analysis?

A

Once they’re standing

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17
Q

What are the 7 subjects for a pediatric posture analysis?

A
  • -Head tilt
  • -Head rotation
  • -High shoulder
  • -Scoliosis
  • -High Ilium
  • -Gene Varus and Valgus
  • -Foot rotation
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18
Q

Clinical interpretation of findings must be based on what 2 factors?

A

Childs age and development

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19
Q

What ilium position is potential cause for Toe-In?

A

EX ilium

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20
Q

What ilium position is potential cause for Toe-Out?

A

IN ilium

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21
Q

Weak psoas or gluteus Maximus is associated w/ what foot rotation vs hypertonicity?

A

–Weak psoas or glut. Max = Toe-In

–Hypertonicity = Toe-out

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22
Q

What are the 3 procedures for an infant supine leg check?

A
  • -Gently straighten the legs
  • -Keep head in neutral position
  • -Compare medial malleoli
23
Q

What are 3 potential challenges when using instrumentation on infants/pediatrics?

A
  • -Width of probes
  • -Skin elasticity and folds
  • -Patient cooperation
24
Q

What is helpful when performing instrumentation on infants/peds?

A

Placing the patient prone

25
Q

Describe the McMullen Reverse Fencer newborn assessment?

A

2 part protocol:

  • -Heel swing
  • -Acetabular pump
26
Q

McMullen Reverse Fencer should be used only w/ infants up to what age?

A

<6 months

27
Q

What is Landau’s response?

A

Ability to raise head and see horizon

28
Q

What are 3 risks when considering developmental hip dysplasia?

A
  • -Breech birth
  • -Family Hx
  • -Girls > boys
29
Q

What are 3 signs when considering developmental hip dysplasia?

A
  • -Asymmetric thigh/buttock skin folds or creases
  • -Decreased hip abduction
  • -Notable difference in leg length
30
Q

Infant inverted, relax the tension on one leg and watch the child’s head turn to that side.

A

Heel swing

31
Q

Heel swing
–If the infant is “restricted” or “twitches” turning to one side compared to the other, this indicates a subluxation complex b/w 1 of what 2 structures?

A
  • -Atlas-axis

- -Atlas-Occ

32
Q

Heel swing

–If the infant arches backwards, this may be a sign of…

A

Meningeal tension

33
Q

What is the procedure for an Acetabular pump?

A

Apply pressure along the shaft of the femur into the Acetabular fossa
–compare resistance on each side

34
Q

Acetabular pump

–The “spongy” side is said to be the side of..

A

Atlas laterality

35
Q

Acetabular pump

–If they’re even, consider what structure…

A

Occiput

36
Q

What are the 6 parts of static palpation?

A
  • -Sudoriferous changes
  • -Turgidity changes
  • -Surfacce toxicity
  • -Tissue prominence
  • -Palpatory tenderness
  • -Deep tonicity
37
Q

What direction does the Atlas move under Occiput during Lateroflexion for adults?

A

Toward the concave side of the head

38
Q

What direction does the Atlas move under Occiput during Lateroflexion for small children (before verticalization)?

A

Moves to convex side

39
Q

C1 laterality should be palpated w/ the patient in what position?

A

Upright or seated

40
Q

What plane of motion should be palpated first when assessing C2-L5?

A

P-A

41
Q

During motion palpation, what position should the hips and knees be in?

A

Hips and knees flexed

42
Q

When infants lay prone w/ the head turned, what SI motion may appear to be restricted?

A

Ipsilateral SI

43
Q

What are 5 normal pediatric variants for pediatric adjusting?

A
  • -Underdeveloped cervical lordosis
  • -Low vertebral height
  • -Horizontal facets
  • -Underdeveloped uncinates
  • -Spine is flexible
44
Q

Pseudosubluxations occur most commonly at what location?

A

C2/C3

–(sometimes at C3/C4)

45
Q

Pseudosubluxations are a normal variant for children up to what age?

A

<7

46
Q

What roentgenometric distinguishes pseudosubluxations from pathological subluxations?

A

Swischuk’s line

47
Q

Swischuk’s line should connects what anatomical structures

A

Anterior vortices of the spinous processes of C1 and C3

48
Q

The anterior cortex of the spinous process of C2 should intersect or lie w/in how many mm’s of Swischuk’s line?

A

1 mm

49
Q

If C2 is > 2mm off Swischuk’s line, what does it indicate?

A

True injury

50
Q

C2 may appear to anterior relative to C3 by as much as 5 mm.

–Pseudosubluxation or Hangman’s fracture

A

Pseudosubluxation

51
Q

Fracture of the arch of C2

A

Hangman’s fracture

52
Q

Vertebral body moves anteriorly while the arch and spinous process move posteriorly
–Pseudosubluxation or Hangman’s fracture

A

Hangman’s fracture

53
Q

The atlas lateral mass can over overhang C2 by how many mm and still be a normal variant?

A

6 mm

54
Q

Pseudospread (aka Overhang) of C1 on C2 can be seen up to what age?

A

< 7

OB/Peds COPY baba-booey (7 decks)

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