Quiz 1: Part 2

Question 1

Ionic Bonds

Answer 1

1. occurs between metal and non-metal atoms
2. large difference in electronegativity

Question 2

Ionic Bonds: Electrostatic Attraction

Answer 2

metals losing one or more electron, leading to the positive charge and non-metal will gain the electron leading to negative charge

Question 3

Covalent Bonds

Answer 3

1. between atoms with similar electronegativities
2. usually between non-metal atoms
3. atoms share one pair of electrons to form a stable configuration

Question 4

Metallic Bonds

Answer 4

1. occurs between metal atoms
2. sea of electrons or electron cloud
3. attraction between metal and ions and electrons

Question 5

Primary Bonds

Answer 5

atom to atom attraction force

Question 6

Secondary Bonds

Answer 6

attraction force between molecules or intermolecular force, weak

Question 7

Types of Secondary Bonds

Answer 7

1. Van der waals
   - a. Dipole
   - b. london
2. Hydrogen

Question 8

Van der Waals: Dipole

Answer 8

two atoms with equal and opposite electron charges

Question 9

Van der Waals: London

Answer 9

1. happens during the rapid motion of electron in orbit around the molecules
2. temporary dipoles form when electrons are on one more side

Question 10

Secondary: Hydrogen

Answer 10

1. dipole-dipole interactions
2. occurs when hydrogen is covalently bonded with highly electronegative atom; ex: nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine
3. created by electron motion
4. crucial in biological molecules

Question 11

Crystalline Structures

Answer 11

1. uniformed, reoccurring positions
2. replication capabilities
3. all metals, polymers, and ceramics have crystalline structures

Question 12

Non-Crystalline Structures

Answer 12

amorphous

Question 13

Types of Crystal Structures in Metal

Answer 13

1. BCC: Body Center Cubic
2. FCC: Face Center Cubic
3. HCP: Hexagonal Close Cubic

Question 14

Imperfections: Point Defects

Answer 14

1. Vacancy
2. Ion-Pair
3. interstitialcy: distorted pattern
4. Frenkel defect: displaced

Question 15

Imperfections: Line Defects

Answer 15

1. Edge dislocation
2. Screw dislocation

Question 16

Imperfections: Surface Defects

Answer 16

1. Outside of Surface
2. Inside (Grain Boundaries)

Question 17

Reasons for Imperfections

Answer 17

1. manufacturing process
2. external stress & deformations

Question 18

Slip

Answer 18

plastic deformation; crystals subjected to mechanical stress and slip across another

Question 19

Slip Sequence

Answer 19

BCC > FCC > HCP : least amount of atoms / forces, most to slip >

Question 20

Edge Dislocation

Answer 20

is subjected to shear stress, deforms easily

Question 21

Plastic Deformation

Answer 21

atoms on one side of plane are shifted to form a mirror image on other side