Quiz 1; Modules 1-4 Flashcards
Father of Dental Hygiene
Dr. Alfred C. Fones - dentist from early 1900’s
First Dental Hygienist
Irene Newman in early 1900’s
DH Clinician
direct patient care; can work in private and community clinics, hospitals, long-term care facilities, and schools
DH Corporate
Works for company that supports oral health through promotion of products/services. Can work in product sales/research and as a corporate educator/administrator.
DH Public Health
works to enhance care in community health programs that are government or nonprofit funded. Can work in community clinics, government health services, school sealant programs, and as oral health program admins.
DH Researcher
conducts studies that test new products, procedures, or theories for accuracy/effectiveness. Can work in universities, corporations, and government agencies.
DH Educator
uses educational theory/methodology to educate oral health professionals or provide continuing education. Can work in DH program clinics or classrooms, and corporations.
DH Administrator
applies organizational skills, communicate objectives, identify and manage resources, and evaluate/modify health or education programs. Can work as a program director in clinical, education, or corp settings.
DH Entrepreneur
can initiate or finance new oral health related enterprises. Can practice management or product development, in consulting, independent clinical practice, and as a professional speaker/writer.
Direct Supervision
dentist needs to be present during all facets of interaction with patients
Personal Supervision
dentist needs to authorize, be present, and check work done by hygienist before patient is dismissed
General Supervision
dentist authorizes the procedure needed for the patient, but does not need to be present during the procedure when being carried out by a licensed DH. The procedure follows the dentist’s plan of care.
Collaborative practice
DH has a collaborative agreement with a dentist and may practice without supervision.
Indirect supervision
The dentist must authorize the procedure and be present in the office while the procedure is performed.
Remote supervision
The supervising dentist is not on-site and communication with the dentist is through technology.
Independent practice
The DH can practice services within scope of DH without authorization/supervision of a dentist
primary prevention
preventative care done before a disease occurs or causes injury to a person (sealant, hygiene education, water fluoridation, nutrition education)
Secondary prevention
treats early disease to prevent further progression (removal of calculus/tartar, remineralization therapy, and sealants on noncavitated caries)
Tertiary prevention
replace lost tissues and rehab oral cavity to a functioning level (replace missing teeth with prosthetics, restorations, crowns, and bone/tissue grafts)
Process of Care 1
Assessment: provides foundation of patient care by collecting data
Process of care 2
DH Diagnosis: use crit thinking to interpret gathered data, classifies data in specific categories (systemic, oral soft tissue periodontal, dental, and oral hygiene), interprets significance, verifies accuracy of data interpretation. Diagnosis provides basis on the DH care plan. Justifies care plan to patient.
Process of care 3
DH care plan: Hygienist’s selection of treatment; presented to the dentist so they can integrate with their dental care plan; presented to patient for understanding and informed consent of treatment.
Process of care 4
Implementation: activation of the DH care plan
Process of care 5
Evaluation: determines if the area treated needs to be treated again, referred, or placed on a continuing care schedule.
Individual autonomy and respect for human beings
people have the right to be treated with respect and dignity, which includes the right to informed consent prior to treatment, and full disclosure of all relevant information so they can make informed decisions about their care.
Confidentiality
respect the confidentiality of a patient’s information, which demonstrates the value held on individual autonomy. DH’s obligation to justify any violation of confidence.
Societal trust
Patient trust is valued, and public trust is based on the DH actions and behaviors
Nonmaleficence
fundamental obligation to provide treatments in a way that protects all patients from harm to them and others that may be involved in their treatment
Beneficence
primary role of a DH is the well being of individuals and the public by engaging in health promotion/disease prevention activities
Justice/Fairness
DH values justice and supports fairness and the equitable distribution of healthcare resources. The belief that all people should have access to high-quality and affordable oral health care.
Veracity
DH has obligation to always tell the truth and expects others to do the same. Self-knowledge is valued, and truth and honesty are sought in all relationships
Dentist
diagnoses and treats oral health issues, is the leader of dental health team, performs dental procedures, and educates the patient on overall oral health behaviors, nutrition, and smoking cessation.
Hygienist
provides prophylaxis, takes x-rays, conducts oral health screenings, conducts cosmetic dental procedures like teeth whitening, and educates patients on oral hygiene practices, nutrition, and link to oral hygiene and systemic diseases.
Dental Assistant
provides dentist with assistance during procedures, takes impressions, maintains IC in the offices, takes x-rays, records medical history and vitals, and reinforces dentists/hygienists directions on oral health behaviors with patients.
Who is responsible for educating patients about their oral health?
Dentist, DH, and DA
Which dental professional needs to be licensed in the state they are working in?
Dentist and DH
Which team member is responsible for making sure that the office complies with federal, state,and local regulations?
OM
Which team members are primarily responsible for IC?
DA and DH
Which dental team member can diagnose oral health conditions?
The dentist
Dental Anesthesiology
uses sedation/anesthesia to manage pain and anxiety throughout dental procedures
Dental Public Health
prevents and controls dental diseases and promotes oral health through organized community efforts
Endodontics
specializes treatment of dental pulp and periradicular tissues
Oral and maxillofacial pathology
specializes in the pathologies of oral and maxillofacial regions
Oral and maxillofacial radiology
specializes in the production and interpretation of radiology images
Oral and maxillofacial surgery
specializes in the surgical treatment of diseases, injuries, and defects of the oral and maxillofacial region
Oral medicine
specializes in dentistry for medically complex patients and management of medically related maladies of the oral and maxillofacial region
Orofacial pain
specializes in the care of pain disorders in the jaw, mouth, face, head, and neck
Orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics
specializes in treatment for malocclusion and skeletal abnormalities of the orofacial structures
Pediatric dentistry
specializes in dentistry for infants and children through adolescence
Periodontics
specializes in treating diseases of the supporting/surrounding tissues of the teeth, and the maintenance of health/function/aesthetics of these tissues
Prosthodontics
specializes in treatment/maintenance/rehab of conditions that are associated with missing teeth and/or oral and maxillofacial tissues
HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
What year did HIPAA take effect for dental professions?
April 14, 2003
What 3 domains does the HIPAA privacy rule cover?
Patient rights
Responsibilities of healthcare facilities
Responsibilities of healthcare providers
What is the difference between a leader and a manager?
Leader: someone that focuses on individuals and guides them towards positive changes.
Manager: someone that manages the goals and success of the business, which is indirectly focused on individuals
Self-directed learner
someone that is able self-identify what they need to do to achieve their learning goals on their own. An SDL must be independent and have the capacity to keep track of their learning goals, commit to the strategies needed to reach those goals, identify their individual needs, and then evaluate if they learned the information or not. These learners are life-long learners, which leads them to having higher academic and professional success.
Attention
limit your distractions and exercise to keep memory spry
Alertness
Exercise, practice breathing techniques, use cold water or caffeine to initiate your fight or flight response,
Sleep
critical to save important memories from the day; increases long-term memory recall
Repetition
repeat whatever you are learning as much as possible over multiple days. Or, one trial learning evokes a strong memory.
Breaks
take 10-20 min breaks after you finish learning
Mistakes
increase attention and anxiety
V
visual: maps, diagrams, charts, graphs, and symbols
A
aural: heard or spoken info, like lectures, tutorials, group discussions, and conversations
R
read/write: info displayed as words, like books and presentations
K
kinesthetic: experience and hands-on practice (real or simulated)
Anterior
anatomical direction for front of body; incisors and canines
Bilateral
relating to 2 sides
Canine
thick conic crown and long conic root; 2 in each arch, 1 in each quadrant
Crown
part of tooth covered with enamel
Permanent Dentition
adult; 32 teeth
Primary dentition
children, 20 teeth
Distal
Surface farthest from midline
Eruption
passage of a tooth through bone and tissue
Exfoliation
loss of primary teeth
Extraoral
outside the oral cavity
Facial
surface closest to face
Labial
surface closest to the lips (anterior)
Buccal
surface closest to the cheek (posterior)
Gingiva
gums: dense fibrous tissue and overlying mucous membrane of upper and lower jaw and surrounding necks of the teeth
Incisor
Tooth with a chisel shaped crown and single root. 4 in anterior of the maxilla and mandible, 2 central and 2 lateral
Intraoral
Inside the oral cavity
Lingual
surface of the tooth that is closest to the tongue
Mandibular
lower jaw
Maxillary
upper jaw
Mesial
Surface closest to the midline
Midline
anatomical line that passes through the middle and divides into 2 halves. Orally, goes through central incisors.
Molar
tooth with quadrangular crown and 4-5 cusps on occlusal surface. 6 in each arch, 3 in each quadrant.
Occlusal
chewing surface of posterior teeth
Incisal
Chewing surface of anterior teeth
Occlusion
coming together of the upper and lower teeth
Oral
relating to the mouth
Palate
bony and muscular partition between the oral and nasal cavity
Hard palate
anterior part of the palate, bony
Soft palate
Posterior part of the palate, muscular
Posterior
Anatomical direction for the back surface of the body; molars and premolars
Quadrant
1/4 of combined dental arches, 2 max and 2 mand
Root
part of the tooth below the crown
Saliva
clear, tasteless, odorless, slightly acidic fluid that is secreted from the salivary and mucous glands in the oral cavity
Tongue
mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane, occupying the oral cavity and forming part of the floor of the mouth
Uvula
appendant fleshy mass
Vestibule
small cavity or space at the entrance of a canal
Dent- odont-
tooth or teeth
endo
within
gingivo-gingiv-
pertainig to the gums
goss-glosso-
tongue
hyper-
above, excessive, above normal
hypo-
below, under, deficient
-itis
inflammation
linguo
pertaining to the tongue
stoma, stom, stomat, stomia
mouth
