Quiz 1 Lesson 3 Chem Bio Flashcards
defined as any source of potential harm, damage, or adverse affect on someone of something
Hazard
an unintentional event that may threaten to expose or do expose members of the public to a chemical hazard
Chemical incident
refers to the condition of being safe from undergoing hurt or harm during an occurrence of a chemical incident.
Chemical Safety
factors within the environment that may cause harm on the body even without touching it and they are generally discernible and perceptive
Physical Hazard
the probability that a person or a thing is harmed or damaged when exposed to a hazard
Risk
physical factors in the environment that may cause problems on the MUSCULOSKELETAL system
Ergonomic Hazard
refers to the chemical substance that may cause harm upon exposure to them.
Chemical Hazard
are working conditions that can cause injury, illness, or death
Safety Hazard
are the aspects of the working environment that may affect the mental health of the individuals such as workload, stress, and discrimination
Psychological Hazard
biological substances that may threat the health of living organisms exposed to it such as viruses, bacteria, and animals
Biological Hazards
any chemical that presents physical or health hazard” - Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) of the USA
Hazardous Substances
“a chemical that is combustible liquid, a compressed gas, explosive, flammable, an organic peroxide, an oxidizer, pyrophoric, unstable (reactive) or water-reactive.” - OSHA’s Health Communication Standard (HCS); also classified as fire hazard, reactive hazard, and explosion hazard
Physical Hazard
means a chemical that may cause acute or chronic health effects to expose personnel. They are classified as either systematic effect or target organ effect.
Health Hazard
are those that have obvious and immediate impact
Acute Hazards
those have more hidden, cumulative and long-term impact
Chronic Hazards
GHS
Globally Harmonized System
GHS Labels
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemical
is a substance that is used or is produced in a reaction involving changes of atoms and molecules.
Chemical
an internationally agreed-upon system created by the United Nations that requires manufacturers, importers, and downstream users and distributors of chemical substances and mixtures.
GHS
The name of the substance contained inside the labeled container
Product Name or Identifier-
indicates more severe hazards
danger
Used to indicate the relative severity of the product wherein
Signal Word
for less severe hazards
warning
shows a representation of the classification of chemical hazard the product has to expose to its user
Precautionary symbols or pictogram(s)
standardized and assigned phrases that describes the hazard based on its classification
Physical, health,and environmental Hazard statements
Provides the measure to be undertaken to minimize the effect from product exposure. Includes first aid measures that are needed to be undertaken and the appropriate personal protective equipment to be used when dealing with it
Precautionary Measures
gives the name, address, and contact details of the manufacturer
Supplier Identification
Includes additional information that the customer requests to include
Supplemental Information
can either be solids, liquids, or gasses. Materials that are not necessarily combustible but may generally yield oxygen which may contribute to or cause combustion reactions
Oxidizers
can either be readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through friction. They can be in the form of granules, powder and pastry which is easily ignited when come into contact with an ignition source
Flammable solids
liquids with flash points of not more than 93 degrees C.
Flammable Liquids
are any gas that was compressed, liquified, or dissolved under pressure within a non-refillable container that was made up of metal, glass, or plastic and (2) contains any component classifies as flammable solids, liquid, or gas
Flammable aerosols
gasses with flammable range in air at 20 degrees celsius and at standard pressure of 101.3kPa.
Flammable gasses
are substances that can either solids or liquids that are liable to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable gasses when get in contact with water
Emits Flammable Gas
are substance which can either be solids or liquids that are liable to ignite within five minutes after having been in-contact with air even at very small quantities
Pyrophorics
are solid or liquid substances that are not classifies as pyrophorics but is liable to self-heat when comes in contact with air even in the absence of energy
Self-heating substance
are either (1) thermally unstable liquids or (2) solids that may undergo strong exothermal decomposition even in the absence of the participation of oxygen but (3) are not classified as corrosives, explosive or organic peroxides under the GHS
Self-reactive substance
either solid or liquid substance that contains bivalent O-O structure. These substance may be liable to explosive decomposition, burn rapidly, be sensitive to impact or friction or react dangerously to other substances
Organic peroxides
substance that materially damaged metals through chemical reaction
Corrosive to metals
- are substances or mixtures of substances that can either be solids or liquids which in themselves are capables to produce a gas, by a chemical reaction, at such speed as to cause damage to the surroundings
Explosives
substances that causes irreversible skin damage following an application of test substance for 4 hours
Skin corrosion
gasses that are contained inside a receptacle with a pressure of not less than 280 Pascal at 20 degrees C
Gasses under pressure
is the label being considered when the substance causes a reversible damage to the skin following an application of test substance for 4 hours
Skin irritation
if it causes changes in the eye after an application of a test substance to the front surface of the eye, but are fully reversible 21 days after the application
eye irritation
pertains to the production of eye tissue damage or serious physical decay of vision that is not reversible 21 days following the application of the substance
Serious eye damage
is caused by substances that induce allergic reaction following contact to the skin
Dermal sensitization
are substances assigned to the Five Toxicity Categories on the basis of LD50 (oral and dermal) and LC50 (inhilation)
Acute toxicity
refers to the chemical substance that induce cancer or increase its incidence
Carcinogens
are chemical substances that cause the airways to be hypersensitive after inhalation of the substance
Respiratory Sensitizers
may cause infertility, adverse effects on sexual functions and/or developmental toxicity on the offspring
Reproductive Toxicity
may cause either reversible or irreversible damages on specific body organs which affects their functions
Target organ systemic toxicity
may cause gene mutations of organisms to occur
Germ Cell Mutagenicity
includes severe acute effects of varying degrees of pulmonary injury or death following aspiration
Aspiration toxicity
causes injury to aquatic organisms after a short-term exposure to the substance
Acute aquatic toxicity
causes adverse effects to aquatic organisms during exposures based on the organism’s life cycle
Chronic aquatic toxicity
NFPA
National Fire Protection Agency
a quick visual representation of a chemical substance in terms of its reactivity, flammability, health hazard, and special hazards
NFPA Hazard Identification System
the most effective means of minimizing the exposure of personnel to a chemical hazard. The hazard is physically removed from the work environment
Elimination
a chemical that is less hazardous is used to replace the existing more hazardous one
Substitution
isolating the people away from the hazard can be done such as the establishment of a safety compartment that separates or limits the exposure of the personnel from the hazard
engineering controls
the way people handle the chemiclals can also be a means to minimize the effects of being expose to the harmful substance
Administrative controls
Protecting oneself from a hazard with appropriate personal protective equipment is the first line of defense when limiting the exposure from a hazard
Personal Protective Equipment
Type of fire: ordinary combustible materials ( paper, wood, cardboard, most plastics)
Class A
Type of fire: flammable or combustible liquids ( gasoline, kerosene, grease, and oil)
Class B
Type of fire: electrical equipment (appliances, wiring, circuit breakers, outlets)
Class C
Type of fire: combustible materials often in chemical laboratories (magnesium, titanium, potassium, sodium)
Class D
