Quiz 1 - IV's Flashcards
list three reasons we use veins vs arteries for IV’s
- veins flow towards the heart (quicker absorption)
- arteries are high risk because they have fewer backups
- veins have valves that prevent backflow
list 6 reasons to start an IV
- fluid replacement
- TPN
- sampling of blood
- rapid med admin
- blood product admin
- diagnostic access for contrast
you locate the right vein for an IV by ___ and ___
inspection and palpation
5 ways to help get a vein for IV access
- pumping fist
- dependent position
- tourniquet
- proximal compression with a finger
- application of heat
which way should the bevel face when you start an IV
up
you should advance the IV catheter ONLY once you have ____
FLASHBACK
what three things do you label the IV dressing with
- initials
- date
- time
you saline flush once the IV is in and then ____
q8-24 hrs
change primary IV tubing ____
q24hr
change IV no more than ____ but at least ____
no more than q96hr but at least every 7 days
what should you document in EHR when you start an IV (list at least 6 things)
- size
- how pt tolerated it
- IVF infusing or saline lock
- “clean, dry, and intact”
- location
- number of attempts
- what was drawn
- dressing used
what should you document when you DC an IV
- appearance of site
- dressing applied
- *cannula intact?
list the three complications of IV therapy
- infiltration
- phlebitis
- extravasation
define infiltration
fluid/meds that have leaked into the subcutaneous tissue
define phlebitis
inflammation of the vein
define extravasation
vesicant medications have leaked into the surrounding tissue
signs/sx of infiltration
edema, pale/cool skin, burning, tightness, DEC/stopped flow rate
signs/sx of phlebitis
erythema, warmth, tenderness at IV site, streaking along vein path
signs/sx of extravasation
blanching, swelling, burning, cool skin, IV site blistering/skin sloughing, necrotic tissue
steps to take when extravasation occurs
- STOP and remove IV
- tell physician
- assess for 5 P’s of perfusion
- trace an edge around the area
5 p’s of perfusion
pallor, pulse, pain, paralysis, parathesia
list the 6 colors and gauges of angiocaths in order (smallest to largest)
- yellow 24
- blue 22
- pink 20
- green 18
- grey 16
- orange 14
what are yellow and blue angiocaths used for
yellow (24) and blue (22) are for fragile veins
what is a pink angiocath usually used for
pink (20) angiocaths are multipurpose for fluid and med admin, also the minimum size for blood
what is a green angiocath used for
green (18) is for transfusions, large vol infusion
what is a grey angiocath used for
grey (16) is for trauma, surgery, mult infusions
what is an orange angiocath used for
orange (14) massive trauma
- tube colors for blood draws:
- light blue =
- lavender =
- light green =
- dark green =
- pink =
- red =
- grey =
- tube colors for blood draws:
- light blue = coagulation (PT, PTT, APTT, INR, Coumadin)
- lavender = blood counts (CBC, WBC, platelets)
- light green = chemistry panel (electrolytes, glucose)
- dark green = troponin (CP)
- pink = T&C, transfusions
- red = therapeutic drug levels
- grey = lactate on ice (sepsis?)
when looking for a vein to start an IV the key is to go ____ to ___
DISTAL TO PROXIMAL
4 reasons you would not use an area for IV access
- dialysis shunt or AV fistula
- side of mastectomy
- side with previous IV complications
- burning/scars
